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Advanced Chemistry – Chapter 8 A ____________ ____________ is a process by which one or more substances are changed into one or more ____________ substances. Chemical reactions are represented by some type of ____________. The general form is as follows: ____________ -------- ____________ Types of Equations 1. Word equations - Represent chemical reactions using words 2. Formula equations - Represent chemical reactions using formulas and symbols 3. Chemical equations – Represent chemical reactions with a balanced formula equation Requirements for Chemical Equations 1. Must represent all known facts (states of reactants and products, etc.) *Assume reactions take place at room temperature unless noted otherwise* 2. Must contain correctly written formulas 3. Must satisfy the Law of Conservation of Mass (*Balanced*) Table 1 Page 263 - **Know these formulas** Table 2 Page 266 - ** Know these symbols** Indicators of a Chemical Reaction 1. Evolution of both heat and light energy (Figure 1 on page 261) 2. Production of a gas 3. Formation of a precipitate 4. Color change (Figure 2 on page 262) Balancing Chemical Equations Guidelines Number out in front is called ____________ Numbers within formulas are called _____________ Total number of atoms = Coefficient x Subscript 1. Use an atom inventory 2. Balance different types of atoms one at a time 3. Balance atoms that appear only once on each side first 4. Balance hydrogen and oxygen atoms last Examples