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Name: __________________________ Mrs. __________________________ S.S. block 2 Date: ________________________ Quiz on ____________________ Chapter 11 Lesson 3 Notes Even though the Romans were winning battles near and far, the empire was facing ___________________ because the gap was widening between the ________ and poor. The cities were becoming _____________________ and dangerous places. Most of the Romans were __________________ who farmed small plots of land. Even though they got some power from the patricians (The Plebs) they still lacked _________ power. Then, farmers had to fight in the ______________ wars, which meant their fields had no crops. So when they returned from battle, there was no __________ and no way for them to make money or pay back _________ from the patricians The farmers became extremely ________ and looking for work in Roman _________. Roman rulers were worried about angry ______________ and they also worried about a ___________. As a result, the rulers created “______________ and _____________” to distract the poor and stay in power. There were a few Romans, however, who did not try to ignore the poor. Two of these people were _________, named ___________________ and Gais Gracchus. The Rise of Julius Caesar In 60 B.C., three men ruled the republic. They were ________________, Pompey, and Caesar. They formed a The First Triumvirate, which is a group of ________________ people who share equal power. ______________ wanted to be the only ruler, which was technically not allowed in Rome. So he began to storm the city and refused to obey the _______________. In 44 B.C., Caesar took control of the Roman government. He ______________ himself “__________ for life.” He actually was popular because he introduced new laws that people liked, even the _______ liked him. Many Romans ________ Caesar as a wise ruler because he brought ______ and good government to Rome. Others _______ him. In 44 B.C., Caesar’s _____________gathered around him as he entered the senate and stabbed him to death. From Republic to Empire: After Caesar’s death _______ war broke out. Caesar’s nephew, (18 years old), ___________, Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus defeated those who killed _______. Then they formed the Second Triumvirate and ________ up the Roman empire amongst themselves. It didn’t last long because Lepidus _______, and Antony and Octavian became _______. Antony married ___________________ but then they both killed themselves to spare themselves from capture by Antony. This left only Octavian to rule. He could have made himself __________ for life, but he knew Rome favored a ____________. Octavian would tell people that he favored a __________________, but in hear heart he knew that Rome need a strong leader to help Rome succeed. In 27 B.C., he convinced the Senate to grant him this role. They declared _______________ to be tribune, consul, and ______________ in chief for life. He was known as __________________, “the majestic one” and became Rome’s first _______________.