Download Rome and Christianity : From Republic to Empire

Rome and Christianity :
From Republic to Empire
Key Terms:
Cicero
Julius Caesar
Pompey
Marc Antony
Augustus
Pax Romana
Aqueduct
Romance Languages
Civil Law
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After civil war, Rome was a dangerous place.
Everyone was trying to decide who the best leaders
would be and who to support.
Julius Caesar, a powerful general in the Roman army,
gained many followers.
The senate thought he had too many followers, so they
killed him on the Ides of March, or March 15th.
Caesar’s friends, Marc Antony and Octavian, took power
after Caesar was murdered and promised to avenge his
death.
They did so but couldn’t get along after Antony divorced
his wife, Octavian’s sister.
Octavian forced Antony to kill himself and gained
absolute power.
Ides of March
Rome Becomes an
Empire
• After Octavian,
now named
Augustus, gained
power, Rome
became an empire.
• The first 200 years
of the empire were
called Pax
Romana, or Roman
peace.
During Pax Romana,
Rome was in excellent
shape! Trade, new currency,
and a stable government
helped Rome prosper.
An empire is a land with different people and territories under one single ruler.
Rome’s
Accomplishments
• Romans studied
things that would
help them live
better lives.
• They studied the
stars to produce a
calendar.
• They studied
plants and animals
to learn how to
grow them larger
and provide more
food.
Rome’s Accomplishments
• Galen, a Roman
doctor, studied the
human heart and
how it works.
• They used the first
cement material.
• They built roads in
layers making
them so durable
that are still
around today.
Many Roman
bridges and
aqueducts still
stand today.
Rome’s
Accomplishments
• Romans also mastered
the art of building
strong, durable bridges
by building them with
arches.
• These strong arches
showed their
understanding of
engineering.
• They also built
aqueducts, or raised
waterways that carry
water from mountains
to valleys.
Architecture and
Literature
• Romans stole many
ideas from the
Greeks.
• Romans were able
to build larger
structures than the
Greeks because of
engineering.
Romance Languages
Italian, French,
Spanish, Portuguese,
and Romanian are Romance
languages that developed
from Latin.
English words
like veto and
circus are
from Latin.
• Because Rome was
an empire, many
languages were
spoken in its
territories.
• Latin was the most
important of those
languages.
• People wrote,
conducted
business, and kept
records in Latin.
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Summarize
KEY POINTS
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