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Taxonomy science of classifying organisms --groups related organisms together --assigns each a name About 1.5 million species named 2-100 million species yet to be discovered spider monkey sea horse firefly mud puppy ringworm jellyfish sea monkey gray wolf crayfish horned toad black bear Common names can be confusing and names can vary by region. Organisms can have more than 1 common name but all organisms have only 1 scientific name -usually Latin or Greek -developed by Carolus Linnaeus Two-word naming system -Written in italics (or underlined if handwritten) -1st word is Capitalized --Genus -2nd word is lowercase ---species Examples: Felis concolor- Mountain Lion, Cougar Homo sapiens-Human Panthera leo- Lion Panthera tigris-Tiger Devised the current system of classification, which uses the following schema: Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Organisms are sorted into nested groups Related organisms are grouped together Related groups have common ancestors have DNA similarity Related organisms have some similar traits. For example: Physical traits Food requirements If we know what group an organism belongs to Then we know some traits of that organism The finer scale of classification (e.g., Kingdom v. Order) the more we know about the traits of an organism. If we identify something as an animal Then we know it must eat to get its food Because organisms in the animal kingdom must eat their food If we identify something as a dragonfly Then we know it must be a predator because organisms in the dragonfly order are predators Rodents Mouse Rat Primates Orangutans Chimpanzees Arthropods May fly Crane fly