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Transcript
EVOLUTION UNIT TEST DIRECTIONS FOR MATCHING: CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE WORD THAT BEST DESCRIBES EACH STATEMENT. 1. _____ Change in species over time A. reproductive isolation 2. _____ Biochemical evidence is proof of ancestry by analyzing this sequence B. amino acid 3. ______ Sequencing of genetic material is proof of this principal C. common descent 4. _____ Process in nature that results in the most fit organism D. evolution 5. _____ This strategy is needed for speciation E. natural selection DIRECTIONS FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: IDENTIFY THE LETTER OF THE CHOICE THAT BEST COMPLETES THE STATEMENT OR ANSWERS THE QUESTION. 6. _____ James Hutton and Charles Lyell’s work was important to Darwin because these scientists A. explained volcanoes and earthquakes. B. explained all geologic events on Earth C. disagreed with Lamarck’s work D. suggested the Earth was old enough for evolution to exist 7. _____ Lamarck’s Theory of evolution includes concepts that new organs in a species appear as a result of A. an unchanging local environment. B. continuous increases in population size C. natural variations present within the populations D. the actions of organisms when they do not use their body structures 8. _____ Thomas Malthus, an economist, suggested that ___________________ A. England needed more housing because of the human population growth B. people die faster than babies are born C. the majority of a species’ offspring die D. there would be insufficient food for the growing human population 9.______ According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. This is because of A. choices made by plant and animal breeders B. inherited adaptations that maximize fitness C. lack of competition within the species D. possession of adaptations developed through use 10._____ Which one of the following is not one of Lamarck’s theories? A. a desire to change B. inheritance of acquired traits C. survival of the fittest D. use and disuse 11.______ Which reason is not valid in support of natural selection in the peppered moth? A. the dark and light colored moth numbers were the same B. the dark colored moth numbers were higher C. the industrial revolution caused a change in the color of the moth D. the light colored moth numbers were lower DIRECTIONS FOR FILL IN THE BLANK QUESTIONS: READ THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AND CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER FROM THE WORD BANK BELOW. A. Uranium 238 B. Paleontologists C. Old D. Sedimentary Rock E. Half-life AB. Living AC. Adaptive Radiation AD. Beaks 12. Most fossils are found in ________________________________. 13. Scientists who study fossils are called ______________________. 14. One of the radioactive isotopes used to determine the age of fossils older than 30,000 years is _________________________. 15. Charles Darwin viewed the fossil records as evidence that Earth was ________________________________________. 16. Since evidence of fossils indicate very little change in the species, they are called _____________ fossils. 17. The length of time it takes for one-half of a radioactive element to decay is called its _____________________. 18. The diversity present in the finches on the Galapagos Islands is because of the shapes and sizes of their _________________. 19. Speciation of the finches is an example of ____________________________. DIRECTIONS FOR MATCHING QUESTIONS: CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE WORD THAT BEST DESCRIBES EACH STATEMENT. ONE ANSWER WILL NOT BE USED. 20. _____ Process by which fitness arises. A. adaptation 21. _____ Bacteria can become resistant to it. B. antibiotics 22. _____ Place where an organism lives and works. C. Pangaea 23. _____ A common group of genes. D. chromosome 24. _____ A random change in a chromosome or gene E. gene pool 25. _____ Another name for natural selection. AB. mutation 26. _____ Period when many new species evolved. AC. niche 27. _____ Supercontinent present 225 million years ago. AD. survival of the fittest AE. Cambrian explosion DIRECTIONS FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE: IDENTIFY THE LETTER OF THE CHOICE THAT BEST COMPLETES THE STATEMENT OR ANSWERS THE QUESTION. 28. _____ When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is A. natural selection B. artificial selection C. artificial variation D. survival of the fittest 29. _____ Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment A. diversity B. fitness C. adaptation D. evolution 30. _____ In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in Figure 15-1 below are A. examples of fossils B. vestigial structures C. acquired traits D. examples of natural variation 31. _____ Examples of fossils include preserved A. Eggs B. Footprints C. Body parts D. All of the above 32. _____ The name of the ship that Darwin traveled on during his 5 year voyage was called the A. HMS Bugle B. HMS Beatle C. HMS Beagle D. HMS Beetle 33. _____ Structures that develop from the same embryonic tissue but have different functions are called A. Vestigial organs B. Homologous structures C. Ancestral organs D. Common structures 34. _____ The name of one of Darwin’s most controversial books is entitled A. On the Origin of Species B. On the Origin of Reproduction C. On the Origin of Adaptation D. On the Origin of Natural Selection 35. _____ Which radioactive isotope is useful in establishing the age of fossils under 30 thousand years old? A. Potassium 30 B. Argon 40 C. Carbon 12 D. Carbon 14 INTERPRETATIVE QUESTIONS: USE THE FOLLOWING CHART TO ANSWER THE NEXT THREE QUESTIONS. 36. According to the graph, in which case would carbon-14 be more useful for radioactive dating: wooden beams in native American cave dwellings, which are probably less than 7,000 years old or for the fossil of an early mammal that is probably 100,000 years old? Explain your answer. 37. Why does the amount of carbon decrease if found in either of the above mentioned substances? 38. How much of carbon-14 is present at 5000 years? IDENTIFICATION QUESTION: USE THE DIAGRAM BELOW TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING TWO QUESTIONS. 39. Vegetation is different on Pinta Island, Isabella Island, and Hood Island. Some is sparse and sometimes hard to reach. Looking at the tortoise on Hood Island, which adaptation may cause the animal to outlive the others? 40. Explain the role of natural selection between the tortoise’s environment and its adaptation.