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Thursday, October 17, 2013
Define: Pages 146-151
• Republic
• Patrician
• Plebeian
• Consul
• Rome
• Roman Senate
 In a Republic, the leader is not a monarch and some
citizens have the right to vote.
 A country that is governed by elected representatives
and by an elected leader (such as a president) rather
than by a king or queen
 Wealthy land owners who became Rome’s ruling class.
 Rome’s upper class
 Could vote and be elected in office
 Less wealthy land owners, small farmers, craftspeople,
and merchants were part of a larger group in Rome
called plebeians
 Rome’s lower class
 Could vote but could not be elected in office
 The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic
were the consul and the praetors
 Consul:
 Two consuls chosen every year ran the government and led
Romans into battle
 Praetors:
 In charge of civil law
 Laws that applied to Roman citizens
 A thriving civilization that began growing on
the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC.
 Located along the Mediterranean Sea and it expanded
to become one of the largest empires in the ancient
world.
 Select group of about 300 patricians who served for
life.
 At first senates role was to advise government officials
 Later it had force of law
Geography
•Italy is a PENINSULA extending 750 miles from north to south
•It is only about 120 miles across on average
•The APENNINE mountain range runs north to south and divides
Italy from EAST to WEST
•Did not separate Italy as much as the mountains did in Greece
Farming
-The most important fertile plains are located in:
o
The Po River VALLEY in the north
o
The plain of LATIUM where Rome is located
o
The region of Campania south of LATIUM
Italy had more land for farming than GREECE which
allowed it to provide for a larger population
Rome
-
Located 18 miles INLAND on the Tiber River
-
Gave Rome a ROUTE to the sea
o
Far enough inland that they were protected them
from PIRATES.
The Roman Republic
Republic: a form of government where the leader is not
a KING and certain citizens have the right to VOTE.
War and Conquest
- In 509 B.C. the ROMANS overthrew the last Etruscan
king and established the Roman REPUBLIC.
At the beginning of the Republic, Rome was surrounded
by ENEMIES and for the next TWO hundred years the
city was in continuous warfare.
The Struggle of the Orders
Patricians: wealthy LANDOWNERS, who became Rome’s ruling
class.
Plebeians: less wealthy LANDOWNERS, small farmers,
craftspeople, and merchants
-
MEN in both groups were citizens and could VOTE
-
Only PATRICIANS could be elected to office
Children of plebeians and patricians could not MARRY
 Get with the person next to you and compare your
answers for the guided notes
 Complete the Rome map activity
 Exit Slip
 What was the difference between Patricians and
Plebeians?