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Ecological Principles 1 What is Ecology? A combination of biotic and abiotic factors Biotic Abiotic Predator-prey interactions Salinity Symbiotic relationships Temperature Competition Pressure Species interactions Non-biological factors In the real world these factors are not easily separated 2 Key Ecology Terms Species Population Community Ecosystem 3 How Populations Grow Carrying capacity Limiting resource Self-regulating 4 Competition Barnacle and mussels compete for space Intraspecific Interspecific Competitive exclusion Resource partitioning 5 The Results of Competition Natural selection Evolution Niche 6 Predation Coevolution - the predator evolving in response to adaptations of the prey, or vice versa 7 Living Together Symbiosis Commensalism Mutualism Parasitism Ectoparasites Endoparasites Facultative Obligate 8 Flow of Energy Autotrophic Heterotrophic Primary producers Consumers Trophic levels 9 Trophic Structure Ecological Principles 10