Download Biochemistry

1)
2)
Objective:
Describe the structure and function of organic
molecules
Demonstrate how small molecules are joined
together to make larger molecules
A. 6 most common elements in living things:
B. These elements combine to form organic
molecules
A. Living cells are built from biomolecules
1. Large, complex molecules called polymers
2. Built from smaller, repeating parts called
monomers
B. Carbon is backbone for biomolecules
1. Forms 4 covalent bonds
2. Forms chains and rings
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic Acids
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Examine your carbohydrate molecule. You were
given a simple sugar, the monomer of carbs. On your
chart, write down the elements that make it up.
Name your carbohydrate – the name must end in “ose”.
Record some examples of carbs: sugars like glucose
& starches like amylose. Can you think of others?
What shape is your carbohydrate? Record this in your
chart under “Other information”
Following the directions given, you will model the
joining together of monomers (simple sugar) to make
a polymers (bigger molecules).
Label: monosaccharide (monomer), disaccharide, or
polysaccharide.
In your chart, record some of the functions of carbs
 ENERGY
 Support
 Cell
Recognition
Examine the amino acid that you were given. These
are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins.
 Identify the elements that make up your amino acid.
Record in your chart.
 Compare your amino acid to the person next to you.
Are they identical? What parts are the same?
Highlight the similarities.
 What part of your amino acids are different? Circle
these and label this circled part “R-group”.
 In your chart, under “other information” note that
there are 20 amino acids that are all identical except
for their R-groups.
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 Following
the directions given, you will model
the joining together of monomers (amino acids)
to make a polymers (bigger molecules).
 How is the process of joining amino acids
similar to the process of joining
monosaccharides?
 Complete chart for proteins
 Hemoglobin
 Keratin
 Collagen
 Enzymes
 Antibodies
 Speed
up chemical reactions
 Transport
 Structure
 Fight
disease
Examining lipids & nucleic acids
 Examples:
 Other
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Fats, Oils, Waxes, Steroids
Info - Characteristics:
Hydrophobic – “water-fearing”
 Store
energy (long-term)
 Water
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barrier
Make up cell membrane
Protect organism
 Insulation
 Examples:
DNA, RNA, ATP
 Functions:
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Genetic information
Energy
 To
join monomers together, we demonstrated
a process called “dehydration synthesis”.
What does this term mean?
 If
we removed water to join monomers
together, what do you think is done to break
large molecules apart?