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Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration • The process by which organisms convert some of the energy in carbohydrates, such as glucose, into a form that they can use to drives cellular activities. • ATP is the main energy currency of cells. • This is a 3-step process which results in 38 ATP molecules per molecule of glucose. • Glycolysis Kreb Cycle Electron Transport Chain Cellular Respiration • Glycolysis is the initial step in cellular respiration. • It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. • Glyco = sugar lysis = to break down. • Glycolysis provides: • a net yield of two ATP molecules • two molecules of NADH (these molecules can be used to keep anaerobic respiration going or if oxygen is present they will be used to create ATP in aerobic respiration.) • Its final products are two molecules of pyruvic acid. Cellular Respiration Steps of Glycolysis: • Step 1: Two molecules of ATP supply phosphate groups that attach to the glucose molecule to form a new six-carbon compound. • Step 2: This six-carbon compound splits into a three-carbon molecule yielding two molecules of PGAL. • Step 3: The two PGAL molecules are oxidized and each receives a phosphate group. (This oxidization causes the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.) Two molecules of a three-carbon compound is formed. • Step 4: The two molecules of the three-carbon compound is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid. Cellular Respiration • Fermentation