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Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
• The process by which organisms convert some of the energy in
carbohydrates, such as glucose, into a form that they can use to
drives cellular activities.
• ATP is the main energy currency of cells.
• This is a 3-step process which results in 38 ATP molecules per
molecule of glucose.
•
Glycolysis
Kreb Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Cellular Respiration
• Glycolysis is the initial step in cellular respiration.
• It occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
• Glyco = sugar lysis = to break down.
• Glycolysis provides:
• a net yield of two ATP molecules
• two molecules of NADH (these molecules can be used to keep anaerobic respiration going or
if oxygen is present they will be used to create ATP in aerobic respiration.)
• Its final products are two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Cellular Respiration
Steps of Glycolysis:
• Step 1: Two molecules of ATP supply phosphate groups that attach to
the glucose molecule to form a new six-carbon compound.
• Step 2: This six-carbon compound splits into a three-carbon molecule
yielding two molecules of PGAL.
• Step 3: The two PGAL molecules are oxidized and each receives a
phosphate group. (This oxidization causes the reduction of NAD+ to
NADH.) Two molecules of a three-carbon compound is formed.
• Step 4: The two molecules of the three-carbon compound is
converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Cellular Respiration
• Fermentation