* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Basic Concepts_Circuit Elements
Electromagnetic compatibility wikipedia , lookup
Ground loop (electricity) wikipedia , lookup
Audio power wikipedia , lookup
Stepper motor wikipedia , lookup
Pulse-width modulation wikipedia , lookup
Electrification wikipedia , lookup
Immunity-aware programming wikipedia , lookup
Ground (electricity) wikipedia , lookup
Power factor wikipedia , lookup
Mercury-arc valve wikipedia , lookup
Variable-frequency drive wikipedia , lookup
Electric power system wikipedia , lookup
Electrical ballast wikipedia , lookup
Three-phase electric power wikipedia , lookup
Power inverter wikipedia , lookup
Electrical substation wikipedia , lookup
Power engineering wikipedia , lookup
Distribution management system wikipedia , lookup
Voltage regulator wikipedia , lookup
History of electric power transmission wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Stray voltage wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Current mirror wikipedia , lookup
Voltage optimisation wikipedia , lookup
Buck converter wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Current source wikipedia , lookup
Circuit Elements Objective of Lecture Introduce active circuit elements. Chapter 1.6 Introduce passive circuit elements. Circuit Elements Active Elements Independent power sources Dependent power sources Passive Elements Resistors Capacitors Inductors Independent Power Sources • Independent voltage source outputs a voltage, either dc or time varying, to the circuit no matter how much current is required. • Independent current source outputs a dc or ac current to the circuit no matter how much voltage is required. Remember that: Current can flow in and out of an independent voltage source, but the polarity of the voltage is determined by the voltage source. There is always a voltage drop across the independent current source and the direction of positive current is determined by the current source. Example 1 1V is dropped across some element (in red) and the wires to that element are connected directly to the independent current source. 3A Example 1 + 1V _ This means that 1V is also dropped across the independent current source. Therefore, the current source is generated 1 V(3 A) = 3 W of power. Passive sign convention: When current leaves the + side of a voltage drop across the independent current source, the power associated with the current source is: p 3 A(1 V) 3 W 3A Example 1 Conservation of energy means that the other element in red must be dissipating 3 W of power. p pcurrent source pred element 0 pcurrent source 3 W; therefore , pred element 3 W Passive sign convention: When current enters the + side of a voltage drop across the element in red, the power associated with this element is: p 3 A(1 V) 3 W Example 1 Suppose the red element was an independent voltage source. This means is that the independent current source happens to be supplying power to the independent voltage source, which is dissipating power. This happens when you are charging a battery, which is considered to be an independent voltage source. Dependent Power Sources Voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS) Current controlled voltage source (CCVS) Voltage controlled current source (VCCS) Current controlled current source (CCCS) Passive Elements The magnitude of the voltage drop and current flowing through passive devices depends on the voltage and current sources that are present and/or recently attached to the circuit. These components can dissipate power immediately or store power temporarily and later release the stored power back into the circuit. Passive Components Component Symbol Basic Measure (Unit) Summary There are active – power generating – circuit elements. Two types of independent sources: Voltage and current sources. Four types of dependent sources: VCVS, CCVS, VCCS, and CCCS. There are passive – power dissipating or power storage – circuit elements. Three types of passive components that will be used frequently in the course: Resistors, Capacitors, and Inductors.