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Download Objective: Students will describe the influence of Julius Caesar on
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Transcript
Objective: Students will describe the inf luence of Julius Caesar on the transition from republic to empire. Following Sulla a number of generals came to power. Julius Caesar was one. Julius Caesar = Roman general, politician and dictator. Noble class Ambitious Power = victory on the battle field. Gained his military fame in Gaul (France). Gauls were fierce fighters (once defeated Rome). Caesar’s military campaign defeated the Gauls and captured their land. Campaign = series of military operations that form part of a war. Caesar’s military success gave Rome new wealth and power. Caesar became famous! Caesars wrote about his military success in his personal memoir. Commentaries on the Gallic War. Caesar became famous for his writing skills as well. Caesar was a respected politician. Known as a reformer. Popular with Plebeians. Patrician opposed Caesar. Cicero opposed Caesar Cicero = Roman consul, speaker and opponent of Caesar. Cicero supported the Republic and distrusted Caesar (taste for power). After defeating the Gauls Caesar ordered to disband his army (Senate). Caesar refused and used his military to take over the government (46 B.C.) In 44 B.C. the Senate named Caesar dictator for life! Expanded the Senate Include people from new Roman territories. Enforced laws against crime. Created jobs for the poor. Caesar’s reforms make him popular with the general population. Some feared his popularity. Fear that he would become king A king enabled Caesar’s family to become rulers (returing to Etruscan times). Concern over Caesar’s power (and popularity) caused the Senate to react. Senators held a meeting (including Caesar) surrounded him and assassinated him. March 15, 44 B.C. (Ides of March). Ides = Day that divides the month! Leaders of the conspiracy eventually killed. Today (as well as in Ancient Rome) there are differing opinions of Caesar. Some see Caesar as reformer who helped the people Others say he was a power hungry tyrant. Either way Caesar brought about great change in Rome!