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1. The basic unit of the ancient roman army, made up of 5,000 soldiers A. Legion 2. What is a patrician? A. A member of the landholding upper class 3. A member of the lower class, including farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders A. Plebeians 4. An official who was elected by the plebeians to protect their interests A. Tribunes 5. Huge estates bought by newly wealthy roman citizens A. Latifundia 6. Who ruled over the Romans with ruthless kings, leading the Romans to create the republic? A. Etruscans 7. Who held a majority of the power in the government of the roman republic? A. The senate 8. What was the key value that Romans were raised with that made them good soldiers? A. Loyalty 9. Who were the tribunes who tried to make reforms that would help the poor, but were assassinated by the senate? A. Gracchus brothers 10. The idea that all laws should apply to every person equally and all people should be treated the same by the legal system A. Rule of law 11. Who was the general who took control of Rome and became a dictator? A. Julius Caesar 12. Who became the first emperor of the Roman Empire? A. Augustus or Octavian 13. What does Pax Romana mean? A. Roman peace 14. What was the main purpose of entertainment in Rome? (i.e. Races and gladiators) A. To distract people 15. Who was the bad emperor that supposedly burnt down 3/4 of Rome? A. Nero 16. Name a value that Rome lost that was the root of their decline. A. Loyalty B. Discipline C. Duty D. Obedience 17. What group of people invaded the Roman Empire starting in the early 300s? A. Germanic peoples 18. What allowed outsiders to invade the Roman Empire? A. Lazy legions and mercenaries 19. What did the government try to do to bring more money into the government after the Pax Romana but was a failure because it hurt the economy? A. Raise taxes 20. Who are the two emperors who attempted to make reforms to stop the decline of the Roman Empire? A. Diocletian & Constantine 21. Rome started as 7 villages on 7? A. Hills 22. What country based their laws in the law codes of the Romans? A. United States 23. Who did the Romans get a lot of their ideas for religion, art, architecture, and other parts of their culture from? A. The Greeks 24. What was the name of the culture I. Rome based off of roman, Greek, and Hellenistic cultures? A. Greco-roman culture 25. Why did the Romans develop a republic that was representative of all people rather than use a king like the Etruscans? A. They didn't want 1 person to have all the power