Download Art and Humanism

Art and Culture
1450-1670
What the Renaissance was Not
“The essence of the Renaissance lay not in any sudden
rediscovery of classical civilization but rather in the
use which was made of classical models to test the
authority underlying conventional taste and wisdom”
- Europe, by Norman Davies
Renaissance c.1350-1670
A period from the early 1300’s to roughly
1600 when there was a renewed interest
in history literature and art.
Renaissance = “Rebirth”
Europe’s economic recovery
Renewed study of ancient Greece and
Rome
The Renaissance
The term is used to describe a MOBILIZATION OF
IDEAS which is primarily
ARTISTIC
LITERARY
CULTURAL
The Renaissance as an “INTELLECTUAL” reality,
not as a “PHYSICAL” one
Why Italy?
Revival of commerce and town building was more
intense in Italy
Cities were industrial power houses
Trade - Venice & Genoa
Feudalism had less on a grip in Italy
Presence of antiquity was stronger in Italy than
elsewhere in Europe
Why Florence?
One of the wealthiest places in Italy
Trade route
Manufacture of woolen cloth
Dyed with Alum
Monopoly given to the de Medici's
The de Medici's
The de Medici's - Cosimo
1389-1464
Represented the Medici bank
Managed the papacy's finances & became the
wealthiest man of his time
Never held office but controlled Florence through his
wealth
Hugely important patron of Renaissance art
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?
The de Medici's - Lorenzo
Lorenzo the Magnificent - 1449-1492
Regime was "that of a benevolent tyrant in a
constitutional republic"
The Pazzi conspiracy
Loss of resources - focus on power
Patron of the arts
Son became pope
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=fQGBUXJ07aw
Girolamo Savonarola
1452-1498
Christian preacher, reformer and martyr. Spoke in
prophecies
Thought humanistic paganism corrupted manners, art,
poetry, religion. Cause of corruption of the highest levels of
clergy
Spoke out against the Medici
After death of Lorenzo he was the sole leader of Florence
and set up a democratic government
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=KE1e7Y4CdtQ
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=_IOPlGPQPuM
Filippo Brunelleschi
The Duomo and Santa Croce
How is this representative of the
Renaissance?
Changes in Artwork
During the Middle Ages, art & learning were centered
on the church and religion
By the 14th C people became more interested in
thinking about themselves, their surroundings and
everyday life
•
•
•
•
1360-5
Halos
Hieratic Scale
Gold Background
Madonna and
Child in Glory
Miraculous
mass of St.
Martin of
Tours
(Franconian
School)
• 1440
Madonna and
Child with St. John
• 1523/1525
• Use of Oil Paint
• Landscape
Adoration of
the Shepherds
1510
Giovanni Agostino da Lodi
The Adoration of the Magi
•
Perspective
The Bean Eater
1582
Latest Work we examined
Middle Ages or
Renaissance?
You determine
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=6HZ5V9rT96M
Michelangelo
Pieta
Michelangelo
David
Michelangelo Sistine Chapel
Creation of Adam
Leonardo Da Vinci
Raphael
School of Athens
Raphael
Transfiguration
Donatello
Did the Renaissance Exist?
Yes or No?
Humanism
Emphasized the dignity and worth of the individual
People are rational beings who possess within
themselves the capacity for truth and goodness
Emphasized the value of the Greek and Latin classics for
their own sake, rather than for their relevance to
Christianity
Collection and translation of classical manuscripts
Inspired by Plato (Aristotle inspired medieval
scholarship)
Centered around education
Attempted to develop the character and intelligence of
pupils by a general literary study of the ancient classics
Humanism
Salutati
Man is responsible for his good or bad deeds
God does not control a man’s will or morality
It is better to benefit others by living an active public
life than to live as a monk, which does not benefit
anyone other than the monk
-Rejected medieval view of
humanity and focused on the
goodness of mankind
Humanism
Bruni
Medieval values of piety, humility, and poverty not
important
Pagan elements introduced into Christian culture
Renaissance Writers
Characteristics of Renaissance
Writing
An interest in the nature of this life
Rediscovery of Greco-Roman culture – art of imitation
Discovery of the Americas – spirit of exploration
Interest in the world
Urban influences
Tendency toward perfection
Celebrating individuality
Excitement and variety of contemporary life
Bringing unknown settings to life
Read your primary source
& state how it is an
example of Renaissance
Writing
*Hint* Look at characteristics
When done, go around the
classroom asking students to explain
their examples and fill out your
chart.
William Byrd
English Composer
Listen while you work 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VXeT2HWpwc4
Desiderius Erasmus
Dutch humanist
The Praise of Folly
Beginnings of the Protestant reformation
Protestant reformation & Catholic counter
reformation
Remained Catholic but exposed the abuses of
the church
Sir Thomas More
English humanist
Wrote Utopia
Social satire
Fictional island
Became lord chancellor of England
Executed by Henry VIII when he did not sign
document to recognize Henry as head of the church in
England
Influence of
Machiavelli’s The
Prince
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5IG
BKu6qM7Y