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ANCIENT ROME MILITARY Clarifying Objectives 6G.1.2. Explain the factors that influenced the movement of people, goods, ideas and the effects of that movement on societies & regions over time (e.g. scarcity of resources, conquests, desire for wealth, diseases & trade) 6H.2.3. Explain how innovation and or technology transformed civilizations, societies & regions over time (e.g. agricultural technology, weaponry, transportation & communication) 6E.1.2. Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of civilizations, societies & regions Essential Questions What motivated Ancient Rome to move from place to place? Poor economic choices led regular Roman citizens to have what? What caused the downfall of Ancient Rome? How did Roman soldiers building roads TRANSFORM Ancient Rome? The Glorious Roman Military The Roman Military consisted of 2 parts The first part was called the Roman Legion The second part was called the Auxilia The United States Military is modeled after the Ancient Roman Military Roman Legion The Roman Legion was a powerful army of the citizens of Rome You could only be a member of this army if you were a citizen of Rome & not if you were a member of a conquered state Each individual member of this army was called a Centurion Roman Legion Commander Most famous Roman Legion Commander Responsible for expansion of much of the Roman Empire Expansion Very powerful in Roman Political circles Key historical figure because he EXPANDED the Roman Empire and brought glory to Rome Expanding Roman Empire Main goal of every Roman Caesar Made Rome look vastly powerful the more territory it took over Eventual DOWNFALL of Rome Stealing Resources Along with Expanding Roman Empire Roman Legion Centurions job was to GATHER RESOURCES from other lands These resources were needed to make WEAPONS & PAY FOR ROMAN MILITARY Auxilia Army The Roman Auxilia Army was for those men who wanted to fight for Rome but they were from a captured state These men could earn citizenship if they were brave & fought well Protecting Rome Because the Roman Emperors were so brutal to their enemies, their enemies were constantly trying to attack Rome The Roman Military had to get to the boarders of the Roman Empire to protect it from getting to the center of Rome Protecting Rome’s Boarders This was the job of the Roman Legions The Roman Legions was the premier fighting force of Rome They protected the boarders from Rome’s many, many, many enemies Roman Military Culture The Roman Army was much like the United States Marines of today They operated on the basis of group cohesion (togetherness) The object was binding together to form effective fighting units rather than individual bravery Roman Military Culture Troops were directed to always stay in formation despite the chaos around them until they received an order from their commander They fought together much like the ancient Spartans at Thermopylae Loyalty & Pride Loyalty was always to the Cesar & the Roman Democratic Republic Pride was to the Centurions unit they belonged to Centurions would keep track of how many enemies they killed as a unit Roman Legion Garrisons The Roman Legions stayed in garrisons which were military barracks until they were called on for battle At these garrisons they would just hang out and play games until they were called to battle Roman Weapons Each Roman Centurion was equipped with… Cassis (helmet) Lorica Segmentata (Armor) Gladius (Sword) Pilium (Spear) Scutum (Shield) Shovel Red Battle Cloak Sandals http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDmVw4aj0SQ THE MONEY PROBLEM During the times of expansion of the Roman Empire the military was a source of income $$ They plundered the lands that they conquered taking all wealth for the Democratic Republic of Rome THE MONEY PROBLEM Towards the end of the Roman Empire however because each member of the Legion earned a salary as a professional soldier the military became very expensive Up to half of the funds raised were used on the Roman Military The Roman Republic could not afford to pay the more than 3 million soldiers it had in the military Roman Quality of Life Citizens of Rome had a poor QUALITY OF LIFE because Rome spent so much money on the military Because the money was spent on military expanding territory there was no money for the citizens of Rome Poor ECONOMIC CHOICES led to Poor quality of life QUALITY OF LIFE WAS BAD Soldiers & Builders Centurions were also great builders To be part of the Roman Legion you needed to be able to build Roman Legion Centurions were actually formally trained on how to build certain structures & how to build them quickly Soldiers & Builders Soldiers built a huge network of roads to connect all the city states of the Roman Empire They also constructed bridges for military use & siege materials such as chariots Soldiers & Builders Soldiers built a huge network of roads to connect all the city states of the Roman Empire They also constructed bridges for military use & siege materials such as chariots Location of the Legions There were 27 Roman Legions that made up the Roman Army They were split up to cover the different boarders of the Roman Empire This was so they could either expand the Roman Empire or fight off rebellions from the enemies of Rome Military Supply Logistics The Roman Military had a intricate network of supplying their troops so that even though the Empire stretched so far in each direction the Legions always had their food & supplies The Roman Empire utilized their vast network of roads to get the supplies there every 30 days Downfall of Rome EXPANSION WAS THE DOWNFALL OF ANCIENT ROME Rome became so large and made so many enemies that they didn’t have enough soldiers to protect it’s vast borders Downfall of Rome Rome made many, many enemies through expanding their empire through conquest These enemies eventually would come across unguarded borders to attack Rome Rome is Sacked August 24th 410 A.D. Rome is sacked and destroyed King Alaric of the Visigoths sacks Rome Many of the troops were Auxilia Army that had seen Roman Centurions kill their family members and were getting revenge Rome is destroyed because it got too large and EXPANDED TOO MUCH Important Points 6G.1.2. (Factors that caused movement) Rome’s main goal was to expand the empire. Their factors of movement were CONQUEST, DESIRE OF WEALTH, SCARCITY OF RESOURCES 6G.1.2. (Factors that caused movement) Too much expansion too quickly led to the downfall of Ancient Rome 6E.1.2. (Quality of Life) Rome’s POOR ECONOMIC choices led to a poor QUALITY OF LIFE for Roman citizens 6E.1.2. (Quality of Life) Rome Spent too much MONEY on military & not enough money on their citizens