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Download AIM: THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS Which of the following statements
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AIM: THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS Do Now: Answer the following multiple choice questions: Which of the following statements best describes the infamous incident between Senator Charles Sumner and Congressman Preston Brooks in 1854? 1. Although the two men disagreed about the future of slavery, their peaceful agreements set an example for the rest of the government. 2. After a heated speech given by Senator Sumner against slavery and its supporters, Congressman Brooks attacked and almost killed Sumner. 3. Both men despised the new Republican Party and together, they criticized all the newly elected Congressmen. 4. They tried to set up a coalition of Democrats who wanted to create a second Congress to protest slavery and tariffs. The Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) was significant because it 1. 2. 3. 4. allowed slavery in California outlawed slavery in the Southern States upheld the actions of the Underground Railroad ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories Founding the Confederacy In February 1861, representatives of the seven seceded states met to form a new nation In five days it had written a constitution and selected former Mississippi senator Jefferson Davis as provisional (temporary) president “Our safety and honor required us to dissolve our connection with the United States. The South is determined to…make all who oppose her, smell Southern powder and feel Southern steel.” -Jefferson Davis, in his inaugural address How would you describe the attitude of Jefferson Davis based on this quote? __________________________________________________________________________________________ “We are without means, without machinery, and threatened by a powerful opposition.” -Jefferson Davis, in a letter to his wife How would you describe the attitude of Jefferson Davis based on this quote? __________________________________________________________________________________________ o The new nation’s constitution was modeled on the U.S. Constitution except… It specifically recognized and protected slavery It recognized the “sovereign and independent” nature of each state It banned protective tariffs It limited the presidency to a single 6-year term The new nation was named the Confederate States of America, or the Confederacy On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln became president of the United States Who was the President of the Confederacy? 1. 2. 3. 4. In 1861, delegates from the southern states who had seceded from the Union met to draft a new Constitution. What did they call their newly formed nation? Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee John Brown Ulysses S. Grant 1. 2. 3. 4. United States of the South Confederate States of America Confederate States of the South The New South When the Confederacy seceded, it seized many forts, arsenals, and other property that belonged to the federal government Fort Sumter , located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina was one piece of property that was still under Union control The Union commander at Fort Sumter, refused to give up the fort On the morning April 12, 1861, Confederate forces opened fire on the fort with heavy artillery and cannons o Anderson and his men surrendered o The Civil War had officially begun “The firing on that fort will inaugurate a civil war greater than any the world has yet seen…you will lose us every friend at the North. You will wantonly strike a hornet’s nest which extends from mountains to ocean.” – a Southerner in 1861 What fort, which is considered to have seen the first shots of the Civil War, is being described above? 1. Fort Sumter 2. Fort Kearney 3. Fort Carolina 4. Fort Hood President Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers to serve for 90 days to put down the rebellion According to the poster, what causes were the volunteers were asked to fight for? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ “Hastily formed companies marched to camps of rendezvous, the sunlight flashing from gun-barrel and bayonet…Merchants and clerks rushed out from stores…saluting them as they passed…I had never dreamed that New England could be fired with so warlike a spirit.” How did Northerners respond to this call to arms? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________ The call for troops created a crisis in the Upper South (VA, NC, TN, AR), where many people did not want to secede, but believed they had no choice but to leave the Union o Virginia acted first and before long all of the Upper South had joined the Confederacy The capital of the Confederacy was moved to Richmond Virginia Border states were slaveholding states that remained in the Union and formed a border with the Confederacy According to the map, which states were border states? _______________________________________ _______________________________________ Lincoln was determined to keep the slaveholding border states from seceding To prevent Maryland’s secession, President Lincoln placed parts of the state under martial law—the military takes control of an area, replaces civilian authorities, and suspends certain civil rights o The military supervised new elections and a pro-Union state legislature was elected In order to preserve the Union and enforce martial law, Lincoln suspended writs of habeas corpus—a person’s right not to be imprisoned unless charged with a crime and given a trial o This allowed Lincoln to imprison anyone who posed a threat to the Union without giving them a trial During the Civil War, border states were slave states 1. that did not join the Confederacy 2. that remained neutral during the Civil War 3. that voluntarily abolished slavery during the war 4. where the Emancipation Proclamation abolished slavery What was President Abraham Lincoln’s way of handling the civil rights of dissenters during the Civil War? He suspended the writ of habeas corpus in areas where there was dissent and used martial law. 2. He stopped regular elections during the war in these areas. 3. He arrested all people who might have a relative in the southern states. 4. He accepted this dissent and protected people’s rights who did so 1. What advantages did the North have at the beginning of the Civil War? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ What advantages did the South have at the beginning of the Civil War? __________________________________________________ "One good Southern boy could whip any ten Advantages & Disadvantages Yankee [Northern] clerks and shopkeepers hands down." “The army of the South will be composed of the best material that ever made up an army; while that of Lincoln will be gathered from the sewers of the cities…who will serve for pay and will run away as soon as they can when danger threatens.” 1. Which side had a greater population? ____________________________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which side had a greater slave population? _______________________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which side had better army officers? ____________________________________ 4. Which side had greater morale and spirit? _______________________________ 5. Which side had more miles of railroad? _________________________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. In which region were most of the battles fought? _________________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Which side experienced greater industrial production? _____________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Which side had more money? _________________________________________ Advantage Disadvantage How?________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________