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Civil War & Reconstruction Chapter 4 Differences… North was industry based South was plantation based North had no need for slavery South depended on slavery **Causes listed on Picture Notes** Civil War Lincoln’s election in 1860 was the last straw 1860, South Carolina seceded By 1861, 7 Southern states seceded Soon, Virginia, Arkansas, N. Carolina & Tennessee Confederate States of America President—Jefferson Davis April 12, 1861 Civil War begins… Civil War North’s Plan (Anaconda Plan) 1) Blockade Southern ports 2) Split Confederacy ½ at Mississippi River 3) Capture capital, Richmond, VA South’s plan was mostly defensive Civil War Bull Run—First battle Confederacy won with Stonewall Jackson 1862—Union Army marches towards Richmond Robert E. Lee successfully defends March toward Washington D.C. Defeated by Union Army at Antietam Bloodiest battle Civil War… 1863—Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation -Did not free slaves right away because it applied to areas of Union control -Fuels South to fight harder -Gave North high moral purpose Civil War… Gettysburg-most decisive battle of the war Battle went back and forth for days General Lee retreated, leading his army back to Virginia Huge moral boost for Union Gettysburg Address Lincoln honors fallen soldiers & asks North to rededicate themselves to the Union Civil War… Vicksburg, Mississippi April 3, 1865 North succeeded in splitting Confederacy in ½ Southern morale dropping Union Troops conquer Richmond April 9, 1865 Appomattox Courthouse, Confederate surrender …Reconstruction Lincoln shot, 5 days after end of Civil War John Wilkes Booth Ford’s Theatre Plans for Reconstruction never carried out Andrew Johnson took over …Reconstruction 13th Amendment—Legally abolished slavery 14th Amendment—African Americans were considered citizens 15th Amendment—African Americans gained the right to vote