Download Nucleic Acids PP

What IS DNA anyway?
Do Now 11/4
OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe the structure and function of the
nucleic acids, DNA and RNA
TASKS:
1. What are the monomers of carbs, proteins,
and lipids?
Macromolecule Chart
Macromolecule
Monomers
Structure
Functions
Important
Examples
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
(single sugars)
Mono-, di-, and polysaccharides.
Store energy in
living things, also
structural (e.g.
cellulose)
Glucose, cellulose
Proteins
Amino Acids (20
different kinds; aka
peptides)
1 or more
polypeptide chains
Structural (what
organisms are made
of), and enzymes
(speed up chemical
reactions)
Many… pectinase in
lab
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
DNA: double helix,
RNA: singe strand
Store (DNA) and
process (RNA)
information
DNA ,RNA
Lipids
NONE!!! (Fatty
Acids)
HYDROPHOBIC
organic molecules
(long tails)
CELL MEMBRANE
(& energy storage)
MEMBRANE
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Our Schedule
• Today: Nucleic Acids
• Tomorrow: Macromolecule Quiz
(structures, functions, monomers – study!)
• Wednesday: Unit Review (Biochemistry)
• Thursday: Unit Test!
DNA’s Basic Structure isn’t Complex
• Just like polysaccharides are long chains
of…
• And proteins are 1 or more long chains of
…
• Nucleic Acids are long chains of…
NUCLEOTIDES
DNA & RNA
Are Made
Up of
Nucleotides
Nucleotides
have 3
parts:
Phosphate,
Sugar, Base
SugarPhosphate
“Backbone”
Hydrogen
Bonds
between
nucleotides
hold the
strands
together
This model animation shows
approximately 40 nucleotides
arranged in a double helix (2stranded spiral.)
DNA is a chemical that stores
information
It’s like a hard drive. Computers
store information as 1s and 0s.
DNA and RNA store information as
As, Ts, Gs, and Cs.
Just like an iPod stores your favorite
songs, DNA stores your species
favorite biological instructions.
• DNA stores important information
• RNA processes
information
DNA & RNA: The 2 types of
Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Monomer
DNA nucleotides
RNA nucleotides
# strands
2
1
Function
Store information Process
information
Bases
A,T,G,C
A,U,G,C
The sugars aren’t that different.
RNA Structure
• Because RNA
molecules are single
stranded, they can have
a great variety of shapes
and structures.
• These shapes are
formed by the single
stranded molecule
Hydrogen bonding to
itself in different ways
Self-replicating
RNA molecules
Wrap Up:
• What are nucleic acids made of?
• What element do nucleotides have that other monomers don’t?
• What do nucleic acids do?
• What are the two types of nucleic acids?
• What holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
• What are some of the differences between DNA and RNA?