Download The Crusades

The Crusades
World History
Causes

Economic


Younger sons wanted land
Wanted to plunder Middle East
Causes

Political


Kings wanted to
increase power
Knights were
bored, and looking
for a fight
Causes

Religious


Urban II inspired
Knights to save the
Holy Land
Crusaders were
assured a spot in
heaven
Causes

Immediate trigger


Muslims threaten Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Emperor asks Pope for help
1st Crusade


Goal: Conquer
Jerusalem
100,000 peasants
answered the call






No weapons
No food
No plan
Attack Jews on the
way
Peasants are
slaughtered
12,000 Knights
survive and capture
Jerusalem
2nd Crusade



No Goal
Attacked Muslim Cities
Conclusion: Angered Muslims
3rd Crusade



Goal: recapture
Jerusalem from
Saladin
Led by Richard the
Lionheart, Frederick
Barbarossa, and Philip
Augustus
Conclusion: truce


Muslims controlled
Jerusalem
Christian could visit
4th Crusade



Goal: Conquer
Jerusalem
Attacked
Constantinople
Conclusion:


Fatally wounded
Byzantine Empire
Permanently split
Christian Church
Reconquista

Goal: Take Spain
back from Muslims


Used the
Inquisition to purge
society
Conclusion: Spain
controlled by
Christians
Later Crusades



Goal: personal gain
2 children’s crusades
Attacked Jews and Africa
Effects of the Crusades




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Weakened Pope’s power
Feudalism weakened
Stimulated trade
Damaged relations between
Christians, Jews, and Muslims
Crusaders brought advanced
knowledge back to Europe
Rise of cities