* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Ch - cmpascience
Survey
Document related concepts
Grand Unified Theory wikipedia , lookup
Quantum electrodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Renormalization wikipedia , lookup
Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation wikipedia , lookup
Compact Muon Solenoid wikipedia , lookup
Standard Model wikipedia , lookup
Photoelectric effect wikipedia , lookup
Elementary particle wikipedia , lookup
Nuclear structure wikipedia , lookup
Electron scattering wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Ch. 3: “Atoms and the Periodic Table” Section 3.1: “Atomic Structure” Objectives 1. Explain Dalton’s atomic theory, and describe why it was more successful than Democritus’s theory. 2. State the charge, mass, and location of each part of an atom according to the modern model of the atom. 3. Compare and contrast Bohr’s model with the modern model of an atom. Dalton’s Theory 1. Every element is made of tiny, unique particles called _________________________ that cannot be subdivided. 2. Atoms of the same element are exactly _________________________. 3. Atoms of different elements can join to form _________________________. Dalton’s theory was widely accepted because, unlike Democritus’s theory, there was evidence to _________________________ it. Parts of an Atom proton (p+) = a _________________________ charged subatomic particle in the _________________________ of an atom (mass = 0.00000000000000000000000000167 kg) Rewrite mass in scientific notation: ____________________ neutron (n◦) = a _________________________ subatomic particle in the _________________________ of an atom (mass = 0.00000000000000000000000000167 kg) Rewrite mass in scientific notation: ____________________ nucleus = the _________________________ of an atom; made up of _________________________ and _________________________ electron (e-) = a tiny _________________________ charged subatomic particle moving around the _________________________ of the nucleus (mass = 0.000000000000000000000000000000911 kg) Rewrite mass in scientific notation: _________________ The Bohr Model vs the Modern Atomic Theory In both theories, _________________________ orbit the nucleus and each electron has an energy level associated with its location. In _________________________ model of the atom, electrons were thought to orbit the nucleus in set paths, much like planets orbiting the sun. In the _________________________, the region in an atom where electrons are likely to be found is called an orbital. But, the exact location of an electron cannot be determined according to this model. Electron Configuration The _________________________ the energy level, the farther from the nucleus the electrons tend to be, and the _________________________ energy they have. Rules for filling energy levels: The first electrons enter the K shell, up to a maximum of _____. The next electrons enter the L shell, up to a maximum of _____. The next electrons enter the M shell, up to a maximum of 18, but are stable with _____. Valence: Whichever shell is currently _________________________ is the valence shell, even if it only has one electron. Valence electrons are those electrons that an atom uses in forming a _________________________ with another atom. Generally, these electrons are found in the _________________________ shell of an element. How many valence electrons are in the first 18 elements?