Download Kingdoms of the Early Middle Ages – Part I: The Early Islamic

Kingdoms of the Early Middle Ages – Part I: The Early Islamic Caliphate & The Frankish Kingdoms
(Circa 600 AD – 771 AD)
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The Arabian Peninsula
o Bedouins
o Hejaz
o Mecca
o Kabah (Kabaa)
o Quraish
Birth of Islam
o Muhammad
 Orphaned
 Khadija
 Fatima
o 610 - Visions
 Allah
 The Archangel Gabriel
 Day of Judgment
o 622 - Flees Mecca
 Hijra
 Medina (Yathrib)
 Capital
o 622 - 624 – Trade War with Mecca
o 630 – Return
 Rededication of Kabah
o 632 – Muhammad’s death
Islamic Doctrine
o “Islam” - “submission to God (Allah)”
o Qur’an
o Hadith
o Sunna
o Abraham (Ibrahim) & Jesus
o Five Pillars of Islam
 There is one god, and Muhammad is his prophet
 Prayer 5 times daily
 Fasting, and observance of Dietary prohibitions
 Almsgiving to the poor
 If possible, must make a pilgrimage to Mecca
The Early Caliphate
o Abu Bakr
 Khalifat ar-Rasul Allah
 Deputy of God’s Messenger
 Caliph
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o Umar (Omar)
o Battle of Yarmuk - 636
o Conquests:
 Mesopotamia – 638
 Syria & Palestine – 640
 Egypt – 642
 Persia – 650
o Conversion or Tax
o Uthman
o Umayya
o Ali
o Civil War
o Shi’ites (Shi’a)
o Sunni
 Sunna
Umayyad Dynasty
o Founded Circa 661
o Muawiyah
 The Governor of Syria
o Damascus
o Afghanistan to Spain
 Territorial Peak
Franks
o Carolingian (Karling)
 Carolus or Charles
 Pippinid
o Pippin I (Circa 640)
 Pepin the Elder
 Mayor of the Palace
 Majordomo
o Pippin II (r. 687 – 714)
 Pepin the Middle
 Pepin of Herstal
 Dux et Princeps Francorum
 Duke and Prince of the Franks
o Land = Power
o Charles “The Hammer” Martel
 718-741
 Campaigns
 Saxons
 Frisians
 Almanni
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 Bavarians
o Iberian Peninsula (Spain)
 End of Visigothic Kingdom - 711
 Al-Andalus / Andalusia
 “Moorish Spain”
 Moors/Berbers
o Battle of Tours / Battle of Poitiers – 732
 Importance?
 Charles & the Church
The Church
o East-West Divisions
o Iconoclasm - 726
 Icons
 Byzantine Emperor Leo III
o Caesaropapism
 Caesar & Pope
o Disputed doctrines
 Purgatory
 Marriage
 Vernacular
The Franks
o Pippin III
 Pepin the Short
 Pope deposes Last Merovingian King
 Pippin’s Coronation
 Pippin Vs. Lombards
 Pope Stephen II
 “Patrician of the Romans”
 Papal States
 Pippin dies – 768
 Carloman (Dies 771)
 Charles (Charlemagne)