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General Biology
Homework Assignment 5
Name ______________________
Chapters 20/ 21
I. Word Bank: Define or describe the following:
-
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Organ
Omnivores
Herbivores
Carnivores
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination
Alimentary canal
Pharynx
Esophogus
Stomach
Anus
Peristalsis
Chyme
Small intestine
Villi/ microvilli
Pancreas
Lliver
Gallbladder
Large intestine
II. Short answer. Answer the following questions in complete sentences
unless otherwise noted.
1. Label the parts of the human digestive system and indicate function of these organs and glands.
2. A peanut butter and jelly sandwich contains carbs, proteins and fats. Describe what happens to
the sandwich when you eat it. Discuss ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination.
3. What is the difference between energy rich food and nutrient rich food? Why would nutrient
rich food be better? When might energy rich food be the best choice?
Chapter 22
I. Word Bank: Define or describe the following:
-
Gas exchange
Gills
Tracheal system
Lungs
Diaphragm
Pharynx
Larynx
Vocal cords
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Surfactants
-
Breathing
Negative pressure breathing
Partial pressure
Breathing control center
Hemoglobin
II. Short answer. Answer the following questions in complete sentences
unless otherwise noted.
1. Complete the concept map to review some of the concepts of gas exchange.
2. What are two advantages of breathing air, compared with obtaining dissolved oxygen from water
What is a comparative disadvantage of breathing air?
3. Trace the pathway of oxygen from the air to the blood.
4. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin 210 times more tightly than oxygen. It also binds with an
electron transport protein and disrupts cellular respiration. Explain why carbon monoxide is such a
deadly gas.
Chapters 23
I. Word Bank: Define or describe the following:
- Open circulatory system
- Closed circulatory system
- Arteries
- Veins
- Capillaries
- Atrium (ia)
- Ventricle (s)
- Pulmonary arteries
- Pulmonary veins
- Aorta
- Superior vena cava
- Inferior vena cava
- Cardiac cycle
- Diastolic pressure
- Systolic pressure
- Heart murmur
- Endocarditis
- Pacemaker
- Myocardial infarction
- Stroke
- Atherosclerosis
- Erythrocytes
- Leukocytes
- Platelets
II. Short answer. Answer the following questions in complete sentences unless
otherwise noted.
1. Use above diagram to review the flow of blood through a human cardiovascular system. Label the
indicated parts and highlight vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood, as well as number the pathway of
blood starting with 1 as the right ventricle.
2. Explain how heartbeats are controlled.
3. Describe the causes and consequences of a heart attack and cardiovascular disease.
4. Relate the structure of blood vessels to their functions.
5. Describe the components of blood and their functions.
Chapters 24
I. Word Bank: Define or describe the following:
- Innate immunity
- Neutrophils
- Macrophage
- Interferones
- Complement system
- Inflammatory response
- Acquired immunity
- Antigen
- Antibody
- Active immunity
- Passive immunity
- B cells
- T cells
- Clonal selection
- Memory cells
- Primary immune response
- Secondary immune response
- Vaccination
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
II. Short answer. Answer the following questions in complete sentences unless
otherwise noted.
1. Complete the concept map to summarize the key concepts concerning the body’s defenses.
2. What is inflammation? How does it protect the body? Why is inflammation considered part of
the innate immune response?
3. Distinguish between the humoral immune response and the cell-mediated immune response.
4. Compare a primary immune response to a secondary immune response.
5. What does a vaccination do? How is this different from an infection by the same microbe?
6. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS? Do you die from HIV? Why or why not?