Download Lesson 6 Unit 8 40-2, 40-3 - Sonoma Valley High School

Lesson 6 Unit 8 40-2, 40-3
name
Per:
Warm up: pg 1035 # 2. What are ways in which infectious diseases are spread?
Vocabulary:
Immunity: Ability of the body to resist____________________________________
Antigen: substance that triggers an _______________________________________
(the disease-causing stuff – bad guys)
Antibody: Protein that helps ____________________________________________
( the good guys)
Lecture: The Immune system 40-2
Purpose
To fight ______________________by producing cells that inactivate foreign
substances.
Nonspecific defenses: act like a fortress________________.
Specific defenses: act like _____________________________
Nonspecific defenses: 1st line of defense
Skin: the first ______________________________________________. Layers
of dead cells make a barrier.
__________________________________: make an acid environment that kills
bacteria.
Mouth, nose, eyes: _______________, ________________ and ________ have
enzymes that destroy bacteria entering.
Nose hairs trap ___________________________.
2nd line of defense: Inflammatory response
A non-specific reaction to tissue ___________________________________.
Increased__________________________________- engulf bacteria.
Fever: higher body temp. __________________________________________
Interferon: proteins that__________________________ viral replication.
Specific defenses: the immune response
Triggered by an _______________________________(viruses, bacteria, etc.)
Plasma cells release antibodies: proteins shaped like a __________that bind to the
antigen and prevent it from infecting cells.
B cells provide immunity against invaders _______________________________.
Memory B cells prevent a __________________infection: Humoral immunity
Cell mediated immunity
A body can defend itself against __________________________________ if they
become infected or cancerous.
T cells turn into ____________________________________________________.
The killer T cells will destroy the _____________________________________.
Memory T cells will respond if the antigen ___________________________.
Organ transplants Our cells recognize another person’s cells as ____________________,
and attack them.
Organ recipients must take drugs that suppress their I.S. to avoid
________________________________________for the rest of their lives.
Active immunity
____________________________ introduce a weakened or dead pathogen into
the body.
Without getting sick, the body makes ___________________, arming the
immune system.
If you are exposed later, _____________________________________________
Passive immunity A mother’s antibodies transfer to her child in utero and with her breast
milk, giving her baby protection against _____________________.
Immune system disorders 40-3
Allergies
An overreaction of the _______________________ system.
Allergens (pollen, dust, mold) attach to_____________ cells, which release
histamines.
Body response: __________________________, excess mucus, itching
_______________________________: antihistamines
Asthma
An allergic reaction that causes a chronic _______________________disease.
Smooth muscles that line the airways __________________, thick mucus clogs
the smaller passageways.
#1 cause of serious illness in ________________________________.
_____________________________, but treatments are available.
Autoimmune diseases
Happens when the I.S. attacks a body’s own cells ________________________.
Type I _____________: antibodies attack insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.
Multiple sclerosis: antibodies destroy the ________________________ of
neurons in the brain and spine.
AIDS, an immunodeficiency disease
Caused by Human Immunodeficiency ____________________.
It attacks and destroys __________ of the immune system itself (helper T cells).
The body’s defenses against any disease are eventually ___________________
and the person will die from AIDS.
HIV virus is capable of_______________________.
Multiple ________ ___________________ strains develop as the virus evolves.
Maintaining health
Eat a healthful _____________
Get regular __________________________and enough rest.
_____________________________ from harmful activities.
Get regular ______________________________________________ check-ups.
Review 1.The purpose of the immune system is…..
2. Some diseases of the immune system are…………..
3.We can prevent disease by………