Download Posttest answers - Aurora City Schools

Answer Key _
Name: _
Pretest: _____/56
Posttest: _____/56
Pretest Ch. 4: Atoms and the Periodic
Table
You can use the periodic table in the back of your book for this.
A__ name for the second “column”
1. __
on the periodic table
A. alkali earth metal
B. alkali metal
not on periodic table
C. atomic mass
D. atomic number
periodic table, also called a family
E. Bohr Model
F. electron
protons, neutrons and electrons
G. energy level
H. group
L__ number of protons + neutrons;
2. __
H__ another name for a column on the
3. __
E__ drawing of an atom that shows all the
4. __
S__ positively charged particle in the atom
5. __
O__ the last column on the periodic table;
6. __
tend to not react with anything else
K. Lewis Diagram
L. mass number
energy level/orbital
M. metal
N. neutron
an element
O. noble gas
P. nonmetal
U__ an electron found in the outermost
7. __
C__ average mass of all the isotopes of
8. __
I
I. ion
J. isotope
9. __ __ any charged particle, an atom that
has gained or lost electrons
Q. orbital
R. period
10. __
S. proton
T. semiconductor/metalloid
Q__ s, p, d, f…sublevels of the electron cloud
P__ any element that tends to take electrons
11. __
U. valence electron
and get a negative charge
F__ part of an atom with a negative charge
12. __
T__ elements that neither give nor take electrons,
13. __
have properties of both of the other two groups
G__ the first one can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second one 8 (max.),
14. __
3rd one 18 (max.) and 4th one 32 (max.)
M__ an element that tends to give away electrons and form positive ions
15. __
N__ part of an atom that has no charge
16. __
B__ the first column on the periodic table is also known as this; they are
17. __
highly reactive with water
18. __
K__ drawing of an atom that only shows the symbol of the atom and the
valence electrons
R__ another name for a row on the periodic table
19. __
D__ defined as the number of protons in an element
20. __
J__ a form of an element with a different number of neutrons
21. __
Draw/explain what the following people(s) models of atoms:
developed the idea of atoms, but
thought they were solid, and different from
each other.
22. Greeks:
agreed atoms were solid,
developed the idea of atomic weights and
symbols for elements
23. John Dalton:
discovered the electron, negative
charge in positive background material,
plum pudding/chocolate chip cookie
24. JJ Thomson:
discovered the nucleus of
atoms and that it was positive, electrons
orbit nucleus, atom mostly empty space
(gold foil)
25. Ernest Rutherford:
electrons orbit in specific paths
called energy levels, planetary model
26. Niels Bohr:
27. Draw/explain model of the atom (called the electron cloud/quantum
model):
Electrons move around nucleus in energy
levels (orbitals) so fast, we don’t know
exactly where they are…like a cloud
Fill in this table about the particles that make up the atom (1/2 pt. each):
Particle:
Mass:
Charge:
Location in atom:
Involved in
chemical
reactions?
(y/n)
Proton
Neutron
Electron
1 amu
+
1 amu
0
negligible -
nucleus
nucleus
energy
level/orbital
n
n
n* (only
valence)
Fill in this table, then use the info to make the drawings below: (1/2 pt each)
Element:
# protons
# neutrons
# electrons
# valence
electrons
Fluorine
Aluminum
Francium
Bismuth
9
13
87
83
10
14
136
126
9
13
87
83
42. - 43. Draw Bohr models for these elements:
Fluorine
Aluminum
7
3
1
5
44. - 45. Draw Lewis diagrams for:
Francium
Bismuth
Fr
Bi
46. – 47. There are a number of patterns in the periodic table. Name at least one as
you go across the row and at least one as you go down a column.
Across rows:
Atomic # goes up by 1
# protons goes up by 1
# electrons in neutral atom goes up by 1
(skip 3 – 12)
# valence electrons goes up by 1
(skip 3 – 12)
Energy level stays the same
Down column:
Energy levels goes up by 1
Same valence electrons
48. The third element in the fourth group is __
Hafnium (Hf)_. (name it)
49. The third element in the fourth family is _
Hafnium (Hf)__. (name it)
50. The third element in the fourth period is __
Scandium (Sc)__. (name it)
51. – 52. Where, in general, can I find the metals on the periodic table? What are
their characteristics?
Left of stair step line
Give away electrons, form positive ions,
good conductors of heat and electricity,
ductile, malleable, shiny, solid at room
temp. ( 1 liq., 0 gas)
53. – 54. Where, in general, can I find the nonmetals on the periodic table? What are
their characteristics?
Right of stair step line
Take electrons, form negative ions, dull,
brittle, good insulators of heat and
electricity, most are gas at room temp.
(4 solid, 1 liq.)
55. – 56. Where, in general, can I find the metalloids (semiconductors) on the periodic
table? What are their characteristics?
Between the other two…on stair step line
Properties in between…better conductors
than nonmetals, not as good as metals…
semiconductors. All are solid at room temp.
Pretest additional questions
There’s not a whole lot about ions and isotopes on the test, but you should be able to do this
anyway. Also, there’s nothing like the Alien PT on the test, although you should be able to answer
questions like that (e.g. which of the following has 3 valence electrons). Also, also I put some unused
self-assessments and answer keys on SchoolPointe for you. They may all be fairly similar, but some
extra practice if you think you need it.
57. - 58. What is an ion and how is the symbol written differently?
An atom with a different number of
electrons, so it has a charge (happens during
chemical reactions). It’s written with the
charge in the upper right hand corner
59. - 60. What is an isotope and how is the symbol written differently?
An atom with a different number of
neutrons (just happens naturally). It’s written
with the mass number in the upper left hand
corner and atomic mass in the lower left hand
corner.
Fill in the chart: (1 pt each)
Name
symbol
gains or
loses/how
many?
Cobalt ion
Co2+
Calcium ion
Ca2+
Iodine130
130
53
# protons
# electrons
# neutrons
Loses 2 27
25
32
Loses 2
20
18
20
XXXXXXX
53
53
77
XXXXXXX
38
38
47
I
Strontium-85
85
Sr
38
This makes the new total 76…please place the
number correct on your sheet and I’ll collect it
Monday.