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Ancient Greece was located
on a peninsula with this sea
to the EAST and this sea to
the SOUTH:
AEGEAN (EAST)
MEDITERRANEAN
(SOUTH)
Location of Greece:
Balkan Peninsula
Europe
Asia Minor
(Ionia was a citystate established
during the Dark
Ages)
Major trade routes to spread
Hellenic (GREEK) culture
Black Sea
Dardanelles Strait
Location of:
1. Athens
2. Sparta
3. Troy
1.
Attica
Peninsula
2. Peloponnesian
Peninsula
3. Asia Minor /
Anatolia Peninsula
What topographical feature
led to the isolated
development of city states
instead of a unified empire?
MOUNTAINS
Although the climate was
mild and some soils were
good for grape, olive and
wheat farming, Greeks had
to:


Trade for
items they
could not
produce and
COLONIZE
The good harbors and
merchant trade emphasis
resulted in this for Ancient
Greece:
1. Cultural
diffusion
2. Technological
advances
With such a mild climate,
Greeks congregated in the
AGORA and:
Engaged in civic
and commercial
activities.
Ancient Greek religion was
POLYTHEISTIC.
True or False?
TRUE!!
What are the goals of Ancient
Greek Religion?
1.To explain the mysteries
of nature.
2. To explain life after
death
4. To justify the
unpredictability of human
emotion
King of the Greek Gods
(and father of some
humans like Hercules)
ZEUS
Patron goddess of Athens:
ATHENA
Greek goddess of love and
beauty:
APHRODITE
Sister and wife of ZEUS,
protector of women and
marriage:
HERA
Greek god of the sun
APOLLO
Greek goddess of light
and hunting
ARTEMIS
Order of Athenian
Government
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monarchy
Aristocracy (oligarchy)
Tyranny
Democracy
MATD
Rule by one person who may
inherit power by family
succession is known as:
MONARCHY
OLIGARCHY or
Aristocracy involves rule
by:
A small
group of
nobles.
Rule by one person who
seizes power by force is
known as:
A
TYRANNY
Rule by a popular assembly
in which the citizens may
vote is known as :
DEMOCRACY
Type of government in Sparta
OLIGARCHY
(rule by a few
nobles)
City-state with rigid social
structure and militaristic
society
SPARTA
Known for his epic poetry:
HOMER
In order to ease overcrowding
on the mainland of Greece
and gain access to additional
grain, the Greeks established:
COLONIES
The Greek merchants
changed the barter economy
of the Mediterranean to a:
MONEY
ECONOMY
(b/c all
civilizations
value the
precious metal
in money)
The three social groups in
the city-state were:
1. Citizens
2. Free people with no
political rights (women &
foreigners)
3. Slaves
T or F: Civic decisions were
made in open debate and
men were expected to
participate in public life
TRUE!
The Athenian archon
(tyrant) who was known for
his written laws and harsh
(Draconian) punishments:
DRACO
Athenian archon (tyrant) who
improved the legal system
and expanded participation
in the Assembly
SOLON
The wars against this
empire united the Greeks
against a common enemy:
PERSIA
Results of the Persian War
Golden
Age in
Athens
The Greeks triumphed at
Marathon and Salamis
giving them control over
this sea:
THE AEGEAN
SEA
This Athenian ruler during
Athens’ “Golden Age” established
a democracy in which all adult
male citizens had an equal voice
in government
PERICLES
What is the name of the
building built by this ruler in
Athens after the destruction
of the Persian Wars?
THE
PARTHENON
Under Athenian leadership,
this was an alliance of Greek
city states for mutual
defense:
THE DELIAN LEAGUE
Two causes of the
Peloponnesian War included:


Athenian dominance
of the Delian League
became excessive
Sparta desired to
overthrow Athens’
control of the league
3 effects of the
Peloponnesian War:
1. Greece was no longer united
2. Greece was vulnerable to
invasion by the Macedonians
3. Cultural development was
stopped
Great Greek philosopher who
introduced a new method of
teaching by questioning and
died from hemlock (poison):
SOCRATES
Author of the “Republic,” a work
describing this philosopher’s
idea of rule by wise and ethical
Philosopher Kings
PLATO
An accomplished scientist as
well as a great philosopher, this
man favored a government in
which there was a separation of
powers:
ARISTOTLE
“Father of History,” this
great Greek historian and
traveler was known for
exaggerating events:
HERODOTUS
Greek historian who was
accurate & impartial and
only accepted eye-witness
accounts
THUCYDIDES
Greek sculptor who created the
enormous statues of Athena for
the Parthenon and the statue of
Zeus for Olympia:
PHIDIAS
The 3 types of Greek columns are:
1. DORIC
2. IONIC (Ionian)
3. CORINTHIAN
Known for his rational scientific
and ethical approach, this man
is considered the founder of
modern medicine:
HIPPOCRATES
The most famous Greek
scientist who mastered the
use of the lever and pulley:
ARCHIMEDES
Euclid developed a
mathematical theory that is
today known as:
GEOMETRY
The great mathematician who
developed the theorem known to all
geometry students as the way to
find the relationship between the
sides of a right triangle:
PYTHAGORUS
Type of drama written by
Aeschylus and Sophacles
TRAGEDY
Macedonia is located
__________ of Greece.
NORTH
The Macedonian who
conquered most of Greece
and his son:
Philip II
and
Alexander
Alexander’s empire and the
influence of Greek culture
extended as far as this river
valley in the East
THE
INDUS
RIVER
VALLEY
The primary language
spoken in Alexander’s
Empire:
GREEK
T or F: The people of
Egypt, Mesopotamia and
India were not influenced
by Greek culture and art.
FALSE!!
Greek culture combined
with Persian (oriental/Near
East) culture
Hellenistic