Download Genetic Engineering

So you are studying
for your exam:
Genetic Engineering
Disclaimer: This is a REVIEW of key
points and Learning Target concepts of the
unit and is based on the premise of prior
learning of the unit. It is not meant as a
stand-alone teaching lesson.
On each slide CLICK the audio icon for
slide narrated explanation, otherwise
refer to associated slide notes.
Each slide has its own audio file
associated with it .
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Genetic Engineering:
• Changing and adding genes to an
organism’s DNA to give it new traits
• Clone genes not whole organisms
How and why can we do this?
DNA is UNIVERSAL!
• DNA – 4 common nucleotides (A,T,G,& C)
• DNA – Common double helix structure
• RNA – Common 4 nucleotides (A, U, G, & C)
• Codons – code for 20 common amino acids
the make proteins
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Clone:
• genetically identical copy of a
gene or an organism
Cloning occurs in nature:
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Cloning mammals – more difficult
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT)
• Haploid nucleus removed from
unfertilized egg gamete cell
• Diploid nucleus from somatic cell
inserted into the egg cell
• Stimulated (chemicals and electricity) to
go through mitosis and start dividing
• Embryonic bastocyst (mass of cells)
implanted in uterus
• Develops into cloned offspring
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Rainbow –
Somatic cell DNA
Allie –
Surrogate mom
CC –
Cloned/Carbon Cat
Egg donor–
Anonymous
Many Factors affect gene expression – Epistasis,
Inactivation, Methylation, …
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• Epigenetics
Genetic engineering is based on:
Recombinant DNA
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Transgenic plants are common in agriculture:
http://webertube.com/mediadetails.php?mid=8468&
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