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The Crusades World History Call for Crusades Pope Urban II issued a call to gain control of the Holy Land. People were motivated to Receive forgiveness of sins Gain land Experience adventure Acquire riches & wealth Quotes from the First Crusade “An atrocious torment began for the besieged Franj (Crusaders). They went so far as to drink the blood of their mounts and their own urine. They were seen looking desperately up into the sky, hoping for a few drops of rain in those early October days” “The Franj arrived at dawn. It was carnage. For three days they put people to the sword, killing more than a hundred thousand people and taking many prisoners.” “In Ma’arra our troops (the Crusaders) boiled pagan adults in cooking pots; they impaled children on spits and devoured them grilled” 1st Crusade Crusaders were ill prepared for war (knew nothing about the geography, climate, or culture) Muslims were not united (Shia vs Sunni, brother vs. brother, etc.) Won Jerusalem along with a narrow strip of land nd 2 - th 4 Crusades 2nd Crusade – Was meant to recapture land but were defeated and Saladin took Jerusalem 3rd Crusade - “Kings Crusade” – led by Richard the Lion-Hearted Saladin and Richard agreed to a truce in 1192 4th Crusade – Knights did not reach the Holy Land but looted Constantinople Effects of the Crusades Increase in trade Cultural diffusion Byzantine Empire weakened Turned against the Jews Legacy of bitterness/hatred Decline of feudalism Lessened power of pope Exploration