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Transcript
SBI 4U Unit 1: Biochemistry Key Vocabulary: Molecule Monomer Polypeptide Organic molecule Hydrogen bond Polymer Carbohydrate Peptide bond Denaturation Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Ion Isomer Monosaccharide Disaccharide Nucleic Acid DNA/RNA Enzyme Hydrogen bond Van der Waals Forces Polysaccaride Gylcosidic Linkages Substrate Active Site Dehydration reaction Hydration reation Oxidation Lipid Triglyeride Fatty Acid Induced-fit Hypothesis Cofactor Coenzyme Reduction Functional Group Saturated/ unsaturated Enzyme Inhibitor Competative Inhibition Macromolecule Polymer Phospholipid Phospholipid Steroid Wax Non-competative Inhibition Allosteric Site Steroid Protein Feedback Inhibition Wax Amino Acid Big Ideas: 1. Biological compounds play an important structural and functional role in cells of all living organisms. 2. Biological molecules and their chemical properties affect cellular processes and biochemical reactions. 3. Technological applications that affect biological processes and cellular functions are used in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical industries. Essential Unit Questions: Lesson Topic Chemistry Review Concepts To Understand Atomic structure, isotopes, radioisotopes Readings from Required Text Questions Page 8 - 14 Page 18 (1,4,5,7,8,9,10) Chemical Bonds-ionic, covalent, Electronegativity (Polar/non-polar molecules) Intermolecular Forces/Chemical Hydrogen bonding Van Der Waals Forces Page 15 – 17 Page 18 (11) Reactions Properties of Water Page 19 - 24 Page 24 (2,5,6,8,9) Chemistry of Properties of Carbon, Page 25 - 27 Page 28 Carbon/Functional Isomers Groups (1,2,4,6,8,12a,b) Characteristics of Functional Groups Dehydration and Hydrolysis Reactions Carbohydrates General Stucture and Properties Classification Page 29 - 32 Page 38 (1,2,3,5) Page 33 - 37 Page 38 (4,6,7) Function(s) Glycosidic Linkages Lipids Proteins Structure /Function Fatty Acids Fats, Phospholipids, Steroids, and Waxes Page 67 (83,86), Amino Acids Page 39 - 44 Proteins – Peptides and bonding Page 47 (2,3,4,5,7) Page 67 Protein Structure (primary, secondary, (88, 90) Page 117 tertiary, quaternary) (88) Nucleic Acids DNA/RNA Structure Page 45 -46 Page 47 Macromolecule Lab and Function Set up and begin lab (9, 11) Enzyme Form and Enzymes and Substrates Page 50 - 56 Page 57 Function Induced-fit Hypothesis (1,2,3,6,7,8,9) Cofactors and Coenzymes Page 67 (79) Enzyme Inhibition Allosteric Control of Enzyme Activity Enzymes in Industry Enzyme Design Page 61 Lab Review Period Page 63 - 69 Biochemistry Test All essential unit questions are to be handed in at the beginning of class on the day of our unit test. Please be sure to answer all questions in your own words. You are expected to use class notes and your text to answer all questions. Feel free to use additional internet sources to help with your learning and understanding of course material. Answers may take the form of written paragraphs, concept maps, tables, or diagrams as long as the explanations are relevant to the content of the question and are presented with sufficient clarity that Grandma Moses would understand the concept. Big ideas: Metabolic Processes 1. All metabolic processes involve chemical changes and energy conversions 2. An understanding of metabolic processes enables people to make informed choices with respect to a range of personal, societal and environmental issues 3. Molecular genetic 1. DNA contains all the genetic information for any living organism 2. Proteins control a wide variety of cellular processes 3. Genetic research and biotechnology have social, legal, and ethical implications Homeostasis 1. Organisms have strict limits on the internal conditions that they can tolerate 2. Systems that maintain homeostasis rely on feedback mechanisms 3. Environmental factors can affect homeostasis Population Dynamics 1. Population growth follows predictable patterns 2. The increased consumption of resources and production of waste associated with population growth result in specific stresses that affect Earth’s sustainability 3. Technological developments can contribute to or help offset the ecological footprint associated with population growth and the consumption of natural resources.