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Romans
By Darcy Munro
4R
Who Where the Romans?
The Romans lived in Rome, a city in the centre of the country of Italy
.
What a Roman Army is made up of.
The Roman army was made up of groups of
soldiers called legions.
The Roman army was divided into legions of
about 5,000 men.
When did the Romans Invade Britain?
First invasion - Caesar's first raid
In August 55 B.C. the Roman general, Emperor
Julius Caesar invaded Britain. He took with him
two Roman legions. After winning several
battles against the Celtic tribes in south-east
England he returned to France
When did the Roman’s Invade Britain
Next?
Second invasion - Caesar's second raid
The following summer (in 54 B.C.) Caesar came
to Britain again landing at Walmer near Deal in
Kent. This time he brought with him no fewer
than five legions (30,000 foot soldiers) and
2,000 cavalrymen (horse riders). This time the
Romans crossed the River Thames. After more
fighting, the British tribes promised to pay
tribute to Rome and were then left in peace
for nearly a century.
The Last and Final Invasion
Third and final invasion
Nearly one hundred years later, in 43 A.D. (43
years after Jesus was born), Emperor Claudius
organised the final and successful Roman
invasion of Britain. General Aulus Plautius led
four legions with 25,000 men, plus an equal
number of auxiliary soldiers. They crossed the
Channel in three divisions, landing at
Richborough, Dover, and Lympne.
Where Soldiers Live
In barracks, these eight men shared two
rooms. On a march they shared a leather tent
and a mule to carry it.
Roman Baths, in Bath!
Every town had its own bath complex (like a
large swimming pool). There were 170 baths in
Rome during the reign of Augustus and by 300
A.D that number had increased to over 900
baths.
Other Uses for the Baths.
People went to the public baths for
entertainment, healing or just to get clean.
Some people went to the public baths to meet
friends and spend their spare time there. Large
bath houses had restaurants games rooms
snack bars and even libraries.
Hadrian’s Wall
Forty years after the Emperor Claudius
conquered southern Britain in 43 CE, the
Roman governor, Gnaeus Julius Agricola, led a
force of 20,000 troops northwards into the
country known by the Romans as Caledonia
(Scotland).
Roman Clothes
What clothes did men wear in Roman times?
Men wore a knee-length tunic (chilton),
either sleeveless or short-sleeved. Roman
men wore a cloak over their tunic, which
was like a wide shawl that was draped over
the shoulder and carefully wrapped around
the body.
What clothes did women wear?
Women wore a longer tunic which was
often ankle-length. Over this the women
wore a stola which was a full length from
neck to ankle, high- waisted and fastened
at the shoulders with clasps.
Rich Roman Clothes
Rich women wore long tunics made from
expensive cotton or silk. They also wore lots of
jewellery and make-up, strong scent and
elaborate hairstyles. They had specially trained
slaves to help them dress. arrange their hair
and put make up on their faces.
Important Romans dressed in a long robe
called a toga.
Roman Gods
Jupiter
Cupid
Mars
Apollo
King of the Gods.
God of Love
God of War
God of the Sun
Uranus
Pluto
Father of Saturn
God of the Death
Neptune
God of the Sea and also earthquakes
Vulcan
Saturn
God of Time
Janus
God of doors
Mercury
Messenger of the Gods
The blacksmith of the gods and a god of the
underworld.
Roman Goddeses
Venus
Diana
Goddess of the Moon and of hunting
Goddess of love and beauty
Ceres
Goddess of the Earth
Minerva
Goddess of Wisdom, intelligence and learning
Vesta
Goddess of the hearth and home
Roman Army Equipment
This flexible armour was made up of metal
strips held together with metal ties. They were
so heavy that soldiers had to help each other
to put them on.
The tunic was worn underneath the armour.
This was made of rough wool and reached
down to the middle of the thigh. It was not
until later that short trousers were worn down
below!
These sandals were designed to help the
Romans march for long distances. They were
strong, well ventilated and allowed the soldiers
to march very quickly. The sandals often had
metal studs at the bottom to make them last
longer.
More Equipment
The decorated leather strips gave protection
during a battle. These belts jangled as the
army marched to scare the enemy. The most
important soldiers wore the nicest, most
expensive belts.
Centurions and other Officers wore crests on
the top of their helmets so that the other men
could follow them in battle. The helmets
helped to protect the head, face and neck in a
battle.
Each man had a heavy pack with a tool kit, a
dish and a pan. The pack held personal items
and 3 day's food rations. They may have also
carried things like a cloak and a leather bottle
for water or wine.
Weapons
This short sword was also called a 'Gladius' and
it was a terrible stabbing weapon. The soldiers
could use them easily in the crush of a battle.
These had a sharp point to pierce shields and
armour. Groups of soldiers would throw their
javelins through the air at the same time in
order to break the enemies charge.
Thank you!!!