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Magnetism – Notes Magnetism A force of ____________________ and ____________________ Magnets have three main properties 1. Magnets _____________________ and materials that contain iron. 2. Magnets attract or repel other __________________ 3. One end of a magnet always points _________________ when allowed to swing freely Magnetic Poles Each end of a magnet is called a ______________________________ Magnetic poles that are alike __________________ each other Magnetic poles that are unlike __________________ each other The magnetic effect is _______________________ at the poles Magnetic Force o The _______________ or repulsion between ______________________ Magnetic Force is produced when magnetic poles ___________________ each other and __________________. Any material that exerts a magnetic force is a ______________________ Magnetic Fields The area of magnetic force around a magnet is known as it’s _____________________________ Magnetic field lines map out the __________________ magnetic field around a magnet. - Spread out from _____________. - ____________ around the magnet. - Return to the other pole Lines form complete _____________ and never cross Always leave the ___________________ and enter the ____________________ The _______________ the lines are the ____________________ the field. Single Magnetic Field Although you cannot see a magnetic field, you can see its effects. o The _______________ forces of the magnet act on the ____________________ and align them along the invisible magnetic ___________________________ Combined Magnetic Field The magnetic field of two or more magnets overlaps o The effects of magnetic force on iron fillings when the poles of two magnets are brought near each other. o The fields from _______________ poles _________________ each other forming a ________________________ between the magnets. o The fields from two ______________ poles ____________ each other. Compass A compass is a device that has a ________________ on a needle that spins freely; it is used for ______________________ because it’s needle usually points _____________ Earth’s Magnetic Field The motion of Earth’s _________________________________ creates a _________________________ similar to a bar magnet’s magnetic field. Electric Charge The interaction between electric charges is called _____________________ An ________________________ is a region around a charged object when the object’s electric force is exerted on other charged objects. When electric charges are made to flow through a material, they produce and _______________________ An electric motor is a device that uses an electric current to turn an axle. o An _________________________ transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electromagnetic Force ___________________________ - the relationship between electricity and magnetism An ______________________ produces a _______________________ The magnetic field produced by a current has ______________ and _______________ The field can be turned on or off o By turning the ________________________ on or off The field can have its direction reversed o By reversing the __________________ of the current The field can have it’s strength changed o By _____________________ the amount of current or by making a _______________________ in the wire. Solenoids and Electromagnets Use ______________________ and ______________________ to produce _________________ magnetic fields A coil of wire with a current is called a solenoid. o The two ends of a solenoid act like the poles of a magnet, but the north and south pole ___________________ when the ___________________ of the ______________________ changes. A solenoid with a ferromagnetic core is called an ___________________________ o Magnetic field of an electromagnet is ____________________________ than the magnetic field of a solenoid. o There are four ways to make an electromagnet stronger 1. ________________________________________ 2. ________________________________________ 3. ________________________________________ 4. ________________________________________