Download study guide for atoms/periodic table quiz

STUDY GUIDE FOR ATOMS/PERIODIC TABLE QUIZ:
For the quiz you will need to know the vocabulary related to atoms: Can you cover these terms
and correctly identify them from their definitions?
Atom The smallest particle that matter can be divided into and still remain the same kind
of matter.
Nucleus The center core of an atom. It contains the protons and neutrons.
Proton The particle of an atom with a positive charge. It is located in the nucleus of the
atom. The number of protons determines the atomic number of an atom.
Neutron The particle of an atom with no charge. Most atoms have the same number of
protons and neutrons, but some isotopes of an element have a different number of
neutrons. (ALL atoms of an element will have the same number of protons.)
Electron The particle of an atom that moves rapidly in the space outside the nucleus. It has
a negative charge which attracts it to the positively charged proton in the nucleus.
Isotopes Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons, but have the
same number of protons
Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of every atom of an element
Atomic Weight The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. (Also called atomic
mass, or mass number)
Energy Level A specific amount of energy related to the movement of electrons in atoms.
Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons, but have the
same number of protons.
Periodic Table A chart which organizes elements into periods and families to help chemists
understand them.
Period ROWS in the Periodic Table are called periods. The elements in a period have
very different properties.
Family/Group COLUMNS in the Periodic Table represent groups or families. Elements in the
same family have similar properties.
Bohr Diagram A drawing which shows electrons in their energy levels around an atom’s nucleus.
Energy Level A specific amount of energy related to the movement of electrons in atoms
You will need to know how to read the Periodic Table, and identify the information it gives you
about each element. A review of that is on the next page. You will not need to memorize the
table—just know how to read it.
You will need to know that elements in a family have similar properties. You will not need to
memorize the family names or tell me specifics about different families, but you will need to be
able to tell me if an element is likely to be reactive, based on where its family is on the Periodic
Table. You will need to know that atoms like to fill their valance electrons, and will react with
other atoms to do that. Atoms that are CLOSE to having full valance electrons are very
reactive. Atoms which already have their valance electrons full, are not reactive.
You will need to be able to be able to draw a Bohr Diagram for any element in the first 3
periods, by using the information given on the Periodic Table. See the next page for how to
draw a Bohr Diagram.
(protons + neutrons)
# of protons (+ charge) = # of electrons (- charge)
Neutrons have no charge.