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Fig. 4.1 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Free surface Lung Pleura Epithelial cells with little extracellular matrix LM 640x Nucleus Surface view Basement membrane Connective tissue Capillary LM 640x Cross-sectional view (top): ©Victor Eroschenko; (bottom): ©Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images Table 4.1 Table 4.2a Table 4.2b Table 4.3 Fig. 4.3 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Duct Duct Secretory portion (acinus or alveolus) Secretory portion Simple tubular (glands in stomach and colon) (a) Simple Compound tubular (mucous glands of duodenum) (b) Compound Fig. 4.4 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Pinched-off portion of cell in the secretion Secretion in duct Dying cell releases secretory products Vesicle releasing contents into duct Replacement cell Vesicle containing secretory products Secretory products stored in the cell (a) Merocrine gland Cells of the gland produce secretions by active transport or produce vesicles that contain secretory products, and the vesicles empty their contents into the duct through exocytosis. (b) Apocrine gland Secretory products are stored in the cell near the lumen of the duct. A portion of the cell near the lumen containing secretory products is pinched off the cell and joins secretions produced by a merocine process. Cell shed into the duct (c) Holocrine gland Secretory products are stored in the cells of the gland. Entire cells are shed by the gland and become part of the secretion. The lost cells are replaced by other cells deeper in the gland. Fig. 10.1 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Pituitary Thyroid Pineal gland Parathyroids (posterior part of thyroid) Thymus Adrenals Ovaries (female) Pancreas (islets) Testes (male) Table 4.4 Fig. 4.1 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Free surface Lung Pleura Epithelial cells with little extracellular matrix LM 640x Nucleus Surface view Basement membrane Connective tissue Capillary LM 640x Cross-sectional view (top): ©Victor Eroschenko; (bottom): ©Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images Table 4.5 Table 4.6 Table 4.5 Table 4.7a Table 4.7b Table 4.8 Table 4.9 Table 4.10a Table 4.10b Table 4.11 Fig. 4.6 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Splinter Bacteria introduced 1 A splinter in the skin causes damage and introduces bacteria. Chemical mediators of inflammation are released or activated in injured tissues and adjacent blood vessels. Some blood vessels rupture, causing bleeding. 1 2 Chemical mediators cause capillaries to dilate and the skin to become red. Chemical mediators also increase capillary permeability, and fluid leaves the capillaries, producing swelling (arrows). Epidermis Dermis 2 Blood vessel Bacteria proliferating 3 White blood cells (e.g., neutrophils) leave the dilated blood vessels and move to the site of bacterial infection, where they begin to phagocytize bacteria and other debris. 3 Neutrophil phagocytizing bacteria Neutrophil migrating through blood vessel wall Fig. 4.7 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Scab Blood clot 1 New epidermis growing into wound Epidermis 2 Blood vessel Dermis Subcutaneous adipose tissue Macrophages migrating to wound site 1 Fresh wound cuts through the epithelium (epidermis) and underlying connective tissue (dermis), and a clot forms. New epidermis 2 Fibroblasts migrating to wound site Approximately 1 week after the injury, a scab is present, and epithelium (new epidermis) is growing into the wound. Freshly healed epidermis Scab Epidermis 4 3 Subcutaneous adipose tissue Granulation tissue (fibroblasts proliferating) 3 Approximately 2 weeks after the injury, the epithelium has grown completely into the wound, and fibroblasts have formed granulation tissue. Granulation tissue being replaced with new connective tissue 4 Approximately 1 month after the injury, the wound has completely closed, the scab has been sloughed, and the granulation tissue is being replaced by new connective tissue.
