Download 1 Proposal from The Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans

Proposal from
The Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO)
to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Production of short video on global ocean observations
to help assure observational technologies of the Census of Marine Life are fully
integrated in the Global Ocean Observing System
in considerations of the 2007 Ministerial Meeting
of the intergovernmental Group on Earth Observations (GEO)
Duration: 1 July 2007 – 31 January 2008
Project Description
POGO requests funding for the creation of a short video that will highlight the urgent
need for establishing an international network of various elements of ocean observing
systems including elements arising from the Census of Marine Life (CoML). This is a
sister proposal to the CoML video proposal, which focuses exclusively on technologies
for observation of marine life, and fully coordinated with it.
Ocean observations need to be sustained over long periods of time, well beyond the
sunset of CoML for maximum utility. The video would be about 3 minute long, and
would be designed to capture the minds and imagination of the citizen in the street, rather
than addressing scientists, but it will be scientifically accurate and therefore appealing to
the scientists as well. The first target will be the ministerial-level international attendees
at the “GEO” Summit in November 2007 from the developed and developing countries,
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The intergovernmental Group on Earth Observations (GEO) is leading a worldwide
effort to build a Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) over the next 10
years. The video will also be designed to be usable at other opportunities to reach the
general public (for example, the planned UNESCO meeting in October on Earth
Observations). We anticipate individual POGO Directors and scientists will use it often
as an introduction to seminars.
The Ocean Observation video is designed to be a general introduction to the suite of
observations – in situ, robotic, ship-based, satellite remote sensing – useful for addressing
not only marine biodiversity and fisheries but also weather and climate forecasting,
disasters such as tsunamis, and ship operations, and as such could be shown before or in
conjunction with one or more specialized videos on a particular component of the
observing system, or program in it. Examples are the proposed CoML video (addressing
observations for management and discovery of ocean life), which would use technology
identical to that proposed here, and an “Argo” video (which focuses on use of floats for
measuring climate change in the oceans). The concept is essentially that laid out in
discussion at the January 2006 POGO meeting and agreed to by the heads of the POGO
institution at their January 2007 meeting.
This project is seen as complementary to the existing Sloan grant No. 2006-5-35CML,
which provides for travel for Dr. David Farmer, Dr. Jim Baker and others to GEO-related
meetings and discussions to promote the visibility of ocean observations and CoML
within GEO. The funds available under this grant are fully committed towards these
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activities. The present project aims to prepare the highest quality promotional material for
use (initially) at the GEO ministerial and then at a wide range other appropriate venues.
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) is seen by GEO as an end-toend observation system, tied to societal benefits. It is anticipated that GEOSS will yield a
broad range of benefits, including:
•
Reducing loss of life and poverty from natural and human-induced disasters;
•
Understanding environmental factors affecting human health and well-being;
•
Improving management of energy resources;
•
Understanding, assessing, predicting, mitigating, and adapting to climate
variability and change;
•
Improving water resource management through better understanding of the water
cycle;
•
Improving weather information, forecasting and warning;
•
Improving the management and protection of terrestrial, coastal and marine
ecosystems;
•
Supporting sustainable agriculture and combating desertification; and
•
Understanding, monitoring and conserving biodiversity (including marine
biodiversity).
Practically all these areas touch upon coasts and oceans. The video will illustrate how the
seas are fundamental to our existence, and of the urgent need to observe the oceans in a
sustained manner. Various elements of ocean observing systems will be illustrated,
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including the Argo system, time-series stations, satellites and biodiversity measurements
using various technologies promoted and perfected by CoML projects (such as the top
predators [TOPP], continental shelf [POST], and microbial [ICOMM] projects).
After initial screening, Wallop Creative has been selected as the consulting
company that will create the video. This is also the company that has been selected by the
Census of Marine Life for their video, and it ensures that the two videos will mesh well,
will have similar “look and feel”, and achieve economies. Wallop already excelled in the
creation of a video for the POST project of the CoML.
The scientific oversight for the project will be provided by Shubha
Sathyendranath at the POGO Secretariat, in consultation with Kristen Yarincik at the
Census of Marine Life. Prof. Tony Haymet, Director of Scripps Institution of
Oceanography and current Chair of POGO, will also assist with the project, with day-today monitoring of project deliverables by Wendy Hunter in the Scripps office.
The video will be incorporated in lectures and at exhibition booths at the
ministerial. In addition, copies will be made in DVD format and distributed widely to
maximise the exposure.
Background and Rationale
The Partnership for Observations of the Global Oceans (POGO) has at present an ongoing Grant from the Sloan Foundation (Grant No. 2006-5-35CML), which is designed to
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ensure the long-term legacy of Census of Marine Life beyond its sunset in 2010 as a
highly-successful, internationally acclaimed, research programme. The strategy adopted
in that proposal was to facilitate the transition of appropriate aspects of Census of Marine
Life from research to sustained observations for the benefit of all humanity, particularly
through the Group on Earth Observations (GEO), which is committed to a 10 year
implementation plan on Earth Observations for societal benefit areas, of which one is
biodiversity (including marine biodiversity).
Even though this two-year project is still on-going, it already has considerable
success to report. Prof. David Farmer, as the Ocean Ambassador to GEO, with additional
contributions from Dr. Jim Baker, was highly effective in lubricating the communication
between the ocean community and GEO.
Prof. Farmer was able to highlight the importance of the marine domain in GEO
through a series of visits to the GEO Secretariat to understand existing impediments to
good communications, and to seek solutions to the goal of sustained marine observations
within and through GEO. Furthermore, Prof. Farmer consulted members of Ocean United
(an informal consortium of international organisations dedicated to various aspects of
ocean observations, including the Census of Marine Life) to improve the communications
within the ocean community, to and enhance the contributions from the ocean community
to GEO initiatives. David Farmer visited GEO Secretariat and had extensive discussions
with José Achache, Mike Rast and other members of the GEO Secretariat, on how to
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improve the interactions between GEO and the Ocean Community. One of the outcomes
of these discussions was increased inputs from the ocean community, via Ocean United.
The efforts of Prof. Farmer in this area are being complemented by those of Dr.
James Baker, former Administrator of NOAA. He also visited the GEO Secretariat for
extensive discussions, and co-ordinated the responses from Ocean United to the GEO
Work Plan for 2007-2009, which resulted in considerable improvement of the GEO work
plan, from the perspective of the marine community.
The discussions initiated with GEO by David Farmer and Jim Baker also had a
great impact on the planning of POGO-8, which focussed on improving the links between
GEO and the ocean community. The Director of GEO, Dr. José Achache, and his
colleague Dr. Mike Rast attended the POGO meeting, as did many representatives of
Ocean United, in addition to the POGO members themselves. During the meeting, Dr.
Jesse Ausubel made a presentation on the capabilities of the Census of Marine Life,
which impressed the participants immensely. After the presentations, much of the
discussion focussed on preparations for the Ministerial Summit on Earth Observations
that is planned by GEO to take place in Cape Town in November 2007. Biodiversity
measurements by the Census of Marine Life and the Argo programme (a constellation of
robotic floats that collect profiles of physical oceanographic data and transmit them via
satellites to processing centres) were selected unanimously by all the participants as two
programmes that will be highlighted at the ministerial from the ocean community.
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The opportunity to showcase the capabilities of, and the need for, the Census of
Marine Life at the ministerial level to an international community representing some 70
countries is a golden one. To maximise the impact from the ocean community at this
venue, the preparations have to be impeccable and meticulous. As CoML and POGO
move forward jointly with the various aspects of the preparation, it has become clear that
the ocean community as a whole is sorely lacking in appropriate promotional material
that will make the case for Census of Marine Life in particular, and for ocean
observations in general, at such a venue. To address this lacuna, Census of Marine Life is
preparing a video that will demonstrate its capabilities, achievements and potential to
contribute to sustained ocean observations. This short video, however, will lack the
background information that illustrates how Census of Marine Life fits within the greater
picture of ocean observations. One also recognises that the value of biodiversity
measurements would be considerably enhanced if they could be placed in the larger
oceanographic context. Effective communication at the Ministerial also necessitates that
it be demonstrated that this is a coordinated effort, and that CoML activities fit well
within the grander scheme of ocean observations for societal benefits. This proposal
therefore aims at the preparation of a complementary video to the CoML video that will
highlight the need for various elements of an observing system, and how biodiversity
measurements fit into the overall vision. We our aim is to make a pair of videos that can
be use independently to great effect and to even greater effect together.
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Benefits to CoML and the Wider Ocean Community
It has become evident over the eight years of existence of POGO that the community as a
whole has not been doing an effective job of communicating the value of, and urgency
for, ocean observations, especially in view of the changing climate, and the threats to the
marine ecosystem. While many people around the world have an idea that the
atmospheric observing system consists of satellites and other elements such as weather
stations and balloons, very few people have a visual image of what might make up the
ocean observing system.
In today’s changing climate, the oceans are undergoing change at an unprecedented scale,
and we have much to learn about how these changes will affect our weather, our climate,
our coasts: in short, life as we know it. We also have much to learn about how these
changes will affect marine ecosystems and marine biodiversity. For example, the latest
IPCC report warns of the immense threat to the coral ecosystems in general, and to the
Great Barrier Reef in particular. The increasing acidification of the ocean waters due to
the dissolution of excess carbon dioxide in the water could threaten many life forms with
skeletal structures that require slightly alkaline waters for their formation. Changing
temperatures of the seawater are modifying the distribution of many marine organisms
around the globe. Pollution and over exploitation threaten the integrity of many marine
ecosystems.
At this crucial stage, what can we do about understanding and protecting the oceans?
Scientists in many countries are working towards establishing a network of observing
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elements that will criss-cross the world oceans. Their vision includes many ingenious
devices (drifting and moored buoys with various instruments, underwater robotic gliders,
tagged animals, etc.) to study marine diversity and the marine environment. While this
vision is increasingly complete and integrated, the presentations about it are usually very
fragmented and specialized. As oceanography matures and moves towards an operational
science analogous to meteorology (but more complex because of the life forms sustained
by the ocean), we have to invest in an integrated observing system in the oceans to make
this vision a reality, and not just a dream. We cannot afford to build separate and
incompatible systems for many different purposes.
Yet, as a community, we have not been effective in communicating either the urgency of
the need to the general public, to the media, and to the politicians and policy makers, nor
the preparedness of the ocean community to design and operate an integrated system. The
video to be prepared under this project is a major step towards addressing these huge
gaps in communications. In fact, the preparation of the video could be an important step
forward in the solidarity of the marine science community making observations,
including experts concerned with pollution, biodiversity and fisheries, weather and
climate, natural disasters, and other dimensions.
The Video as a General Promotional Tool
Whereas the primary goal of the video is for use at the GEO Ministerial meeting, we have
many other uses envisaged for wider use of the product. The material developed will be
used at other relevant venues.
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One particular target is the UNESCO Biannual General Conference which is to be held in
October in Paris on the theme of Planet Earth. Over 3000 delegates and heads of state are
expected to attend.
The material will be posted on the POGO web site. We also propose the distribution of
the animation through POGO's News and Information group. POGO now has about 40
member institutions, including almost all the world’s major oceanographic institutions.
Member institutions will be encouraged to post the video on their websites. Some
members, such as Scripps, have not only their regular website, but additional ways of
reaching out to the public via the Internet, such as Youtube page and podcasting. This
animation could be formatted for distribution via those methods.
Science outreach centers associated with POGO member institutions, like aquariums,
would also have access to the video for incorporation into exhibit displays and
community education.
In general, heads of oceanographic institutions world wide need material such as this to
drive home the importance of ocean observations and to convince governments of the
need to invest in it. The video will of course be shown at the next POGO annual meeting
in January 2008, and members will be encouraged to use it widely.
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The material would also be used through other international organizations and groups,
such as the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), the Global Ocean
Observing System (GOOS), the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) and
other members of the Ocean United.
In short, we expect the video to serve multiple audiences in a multitude of nations over
the next few years. The video present a major opportunity to imprint indelibly in the
minds of many people around the world the basic elements of the desired ocean
observing system, including its elements emerging from the CoML. In fact, the imagery
of the video could become for most people the definition of the system and thus
extremely influential.
Project Timeline
Early June 2007
Contract with production company and begin discovery and
concept
development phase*; coordination with CoML
July 2007
Scripting and Storyboard presentation, discussion with CoML,
review and approval (Satyendranath, Haymet, Farmer, and Baker
will have primary responsibility to work with Wallop on the
script)
Aug-Sep 2007
Animation production, voice over, rendering and compositing
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20 Sep 2007
Final review and approval by POGO; joint meeting with CoML
30 Sept 2007
Delivery of completed video in all formats
*Due to constricted time frame for this project, contract and discovery meetings with
Wallop will need to begin in advance of funding from Sloan Foundation. POGO
Secretariat will meet this demand from other sources of funding.
Budget
Production of 2 minute and 40 second video
Reproduction and packaging of video for distribution on CD/DVD
Total request
$40,000
$5,000
$45,000
Project Administration
Funds will be administered directly by the POGO office in Canada, through the POGO
account in Canada. The leads to ease of interaction with the Canadian supplier selected
by both POGO and CoML. The project will be administered with NO overhead or
administrative costs to the Sloan Foundation. (No funds will be used at Scripps.)
Future Possibilities
Funds or contributions in kind will be sought from all sources to make versions of the
video in all six UN languages. POGO member institutions may be able to help in this
regard.
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After this video is completed, the ocean community will be consulted for interest in other
videos, which may logically follow after the Global Ocean observation video and the
complementary CoML Observing Technologies video.
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CV: Shubha Sathyendranath
Dr. Shubha Sathyendranath received her BSc in Physics at Kerala University (India) in
1972, and her MSc (Gold Medal) from Cochin University (India) in Oceanography in
1974. She received her doctorate from the University of P. & M. Curie (Paris, France) in
1981 on optical oceanography. She has worked at Dalhousie University as an Adjunct
Professor since 1988. She is currently the Executive Director of the Partnership for
Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO), an international organization dedicated to
improved coordination among member institutions on ocean observations and capacity
building. She is also Adjunct Professor at Dalhousie University. Her paper on remote
sensing in coastal waters, published in the International Journal on Remote Sensing won
the 1989 Eurosense Award. Her research interests are remote sensing of ocean colour,
underwater optics, and marine primary production.
Mailing Address:
Executive Director, POGO,
1 Challenger Drive
Bedford Institute of Oceanography
Phone: 1-902-426-8044
Fax: 1-902-426-9388
e-mail: [email protected]
Dartmouth Nova Scotia
B2Y 4A2 Canada
Some Publications
Sathyendranath, S., Prieur, L., and Morel, A. (1989). A three-component model of ocean
colour and its application to remote sensing of phytoplankton pigments in coastal
waters. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 10: 1373-1394.
Sathyendranath, S., Gouveia, A. D., Shetye, S. R., Ravindran, P., and Platt, T. (1991).
Biological control of surface temperature in the Arabian Sea. Nature. 349: 54-56.
Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T., Horne, E. P. W., Harrison, W. G., Ulloa, O., Outerbridge,
R., and Hoepffner, N. (1991). Estimation of new production in the ocean by
compound remote sensing. Nature. 353: 129-133.
Hoepffner, N., and Sathyendranath, S. (1993). Determination of the major groups of
phytoplankton pigments from the absorption spectra of total particulate matter. J.
Geophys. Res. 98: 22,789-22,803.
Sathyendranath, S., and Platt, T. (1993). Remote sensing of water-column primary
production. In: Measurement of Primary Production from the Molecular to the
Global Scale, W. K. W. Li and S. Y. Maestrini (eds.), ICES Marine Science
Symposia, Vol. 197, Copenhagen, 236-243.
Sathyendranath, S., Longhurst, A., Caverhill, C. M., and Platt, T. (1995). Regionally and
seasonally differentiated primary production in the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res.
I. 42: 1773-1802.
Sathyendranath, S., and Platt, T. (1998). Ocean-colour model incorporating transspectral
processes. Appl. Optics. 37: 2216-2227.
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Sathyendranath, S., Stuart, V., Cota, G., Maass, H., and Platt, T. (2001). Remote sensing
of phytoplankton pigments: a comparison of empirical and theoretical approaches.
Int. J. Remote Sensing. 22: 249-273.
Sathyendranath, S., Platt, T., Irwin, B., Horne, E., Borstad, G., Stuart, V., Payzant, L.,
Maass, H., Kepkay, P., Li, W. K. W., Spry, J., and Gower, J. (2004). A
multispectral remote sensing study of coastal waters off Vancouver Island. Int. J.
Remote Sensing. 25: 893-919.
Sathyendranath, S., Watts, L., Devred, E., Platt, T., Caverhill, C., and Maass, H. (2004).
Discrimination of diatoms from other phytoplankton using ocean-colour data.
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 272: 59-68.
Sathyendranath, S. and Platt, T., 2007. Spectral effects in bio-optical control on the ocean
system. Oceanologia, 49(1), 5-39. (Invited paper.)
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CURRICULUM VITAE
TONY HAYMET PhD DSc
Address
Telephone
E-mail
[email protected]
Employment
2006 Sept
2003
2005 Sept
2005 Oct
2003
2003
2005
2003
2002
1998
2000
1998
1991
present
2006 Aug
2006 Aug
present
2006
2005
2006
2002
2002
2001
1998
Director, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Vice-Chancellor UCSD
Chief, CSIRO Marine Research; then Marine & Atmospheric Research
Seconded as CSIRO Director, Science and Policy; and International
Adjunct Professor, ANU Research School of Geosciences
Founding Director, ‘Wealth from Oceans’ Flagship
Board of Directors, CRC for Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems
Board of Directors and Governor, WA Marine Science Institution
Member, Marine and Coastal Committee of NRM Standing Committee
Honorary Research Professor of Chemistry, University of Tasmania
Distinguished University Professor of Chemistry, Univ. of Houston
Founder, University of Houston Environmental Modeling Institute
Chair, Physical Chemistry Division, University of Houston
Professor of Chemistry (Established Chair of Theoretical Chemistry),
University of Sydney
Education Prizes and Awards
1978
1997
1997
1994
1992
1986-89
1985-90
University of Chicago, Ph.D. in Chemistry, 28 August, 1981
A Molecular Theory of the Solid - Liquid Interface
Doctor of Science, University of Sydney (16 May, 1997)
Theory of Aqueous Solutions and Freezing
Federation of Asian Chemical Societies, Distinguished Young Chemist Award
Antarctic Service Medal, US Department of Navy and National Science Foundation
Fellow, Royal Australian Chemical Institute
Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow
NSF Presidential Young Investigator
Refereed Publications – 2005-present - from 162 total
2005
2005
2005
157. Nucleation of clathrates from
supercooled tetrahydrofuran
(THF)/water mixtures, and the effect
of an added catalyst
158. Ion transfer across the Ice /Water
Interface
159. Solute ions at ice/water interface, in
NATO Science Series II: Mathematics,
Physics and Chemistry
http://www.springeronline.com/sgw/cda/frontpa
ge/0,11855,5-10100-72-48266331-0,00.html
P. W. Wilson, Daniel Lester, and
A.D.J. Haymet
doi:10.1016/j.ces.2004.12.047
Erica J. Smith, Taras Bryk &
A.D.J. Haymet
A.D.J. Haymet, Taras Bryk &
Erica J. Smith
ISBN: 1-4020-3663-9 Edited by Douglas
Henderson, Myroslav Holovko, Andrij
Trokhymchuk
16
Chemical
Engineering
Science
60
293741
J. Chem. Phys.
123
03470
6
Ionic Soft
Matter: Modern
trends in theory
and applications
206
333359
2005
2007
2007
160. Nucleation from a Supercooled Binary
Mixture Studied by Crossed Polarisers
"
P.W. Wilson and A.D.J. Haymet
doi:10.1021/jp052830a
17
J. Phys. Chem. A
109
11354
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