Download Unit 4 Test Review Fall 2015.doc

Biology I
Fall 2015
Name ___________________________________
Cell Cycle, DNA Replication and Cancer Test Review
TEKS
5A: Describe the stages of the cell cycle, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and
mitosis, and the importance of the cell cycle to the growth of organisms;
5D: Recognize that disruptions of the cell cycle lead to diseases such as cancer;
6A: Identify components of DNA, and describe how information for specifying the traits of an
organism is carried in the DNA.
Summary of Topics to Review for Unit Test
 DNA- structure and function
 DNA Replication- How and why it replicates
 Cell Cycle- Interphase through cytokinesis. Must know all the steps
 Mitosis- Division of nucleus. Must know all steps and what occurs in each step (PMAT)
 Biomolecules- Carbs, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Proteins. Must know structure and functions
 Cell transport and Osmosis- how it works, where the water goes
 Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis
 Virus- structure and function
 Cell types- prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic; animal vs. plant
I. Textbook Chapters and Sections
A. Chapter 9 Cell Growth & Division pages 244-257
B. Chapter 12 DNA Synthesis pages 333-335
Figure 1
II. Cell Cycle and Mitosis
A. Define cell cycle.
B. Labe the phases on the cell cycle shown in Figure 1 and briefly describe each phase?
C. Which letter represents cell division in Figure 1?
D. Why does S phase have to come before Mitosis?
Figure 2
E. Label the diagrams above in Figure 2, and label the structures indicated in the various cells.
F. Explain if the cells in Figure 2 are animal or plant cells.
G. Explain how the cancer cell cycle is different from the normal cell cycle.
III. DNA and RNA
A. What does DNA stand for, and describe the function of DNA?
B. Label a phosphate, a sugar and nitrogen bases shown below in Figure 3.
Figure 3
1. What are the repeating units that make up this nucleic acid called?
Refer to Figure 4A and 4B below to answer the next TWO questions.
2. What process is shown in Figure 4 below (same for both diagrams)?
3. When during the cell cycle does the process shown in Figure 4 occur?
Figure 4A
Figure 4B
4. If a strand of DNA has the following sequence of bases listed below, provide the
complementary strand base sequence.
DNA
TAGACTC
Complementary DNA
Sample Questions
_____1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Guarantees that each daughter cell has half the amount of DNA of parent cells.
It ensures that the new daughter cells have the correct amount of DNA.
It ensures the reproduction of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
It prevents the occurrence of cancer cells.
_____2. DNA replication results ina. 2 completely new DNA molecules
b. 2 DNA molecules with 1 original strand and 1 new strand each
c. 1 new DNA molecule, 1 old molecule is conserved
d. 1 new molecule of RNA
_____3. Cancer cellsa. Do not divide
b. Are never caused by environmental factors
c. Divide uncontrollably and may cause masses of cells
d. None of the above
4. Arrange the letters of the diagrams below in the correct order to indicate the phases of mitosis.
_____5. The diagram to the right shows the structure of a unit that makes up proteins. These smaller
subunits that make proteins are called ___.
a. Amino acids
b. Lipids
c. Nucleotides
d. Monosaccharides