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Unit 11: space,stars and planets The word in English nebulae galaxy orbit asteroids lump comets meteors dust glow The meaning in Arabic غمامة مجرة مدار كويكب كتلة مدنب ظاهرة جوية غبار متوهج Remember the following. *Space is the area beyond the earth ‘s atmosphere . *There is no air in the space. *There are great clouds of gas and dust in space, these clouds are called nebulae. *The force of gravity pulls gas and dust particles together. *The band of stars are called milky way. * An island of stars spinning through space is called galaxy. *There are many other galaxies in space. *Bodies that go around the sun are called planets. *Plants go round the sun in fixed paths called orbits. *The earth has one moon. *The sun and all the planets and moons make up the solar system. *An asteroid is a lump of rocky material in space. *There are more than 400000 asteroids. *Asteroids are going around the sun in their own orbits like small planets. * Meteorites are pieces of rock which don’t burn up completely before falling to the ground . *The sun is a star in our solar system. *The sun is 330000 times bigger than the earth. *The sun diameter is 1384000km. *The sun is made of gas and dust. *Temperature in the centre of the sun is 14000000c. *The temperature on the surface of the sun is 6000c *Mercury is one of the smallest planets in the solar system. *Mercury is almost half size of the earth. * Mercury has high temperature because it is close to the sun. *Venus is the closet planet to the earth. *Venus is about the same size of the earth. *Venus is always covered in thick white clouds. *There is no life on venus. *Mars contains less air and water than the earth. *Mars takes two years to go around the sun. *Jupiter is a very big planet.it’s ten times as big as the earth. *Jupiter has 16 moons. *Jupiter can be seen as red planet in the sky at night because it’s surrounded by a cloud belt which has a red spot. *Saturn is the second biggest planet, it’s surrounded by hundreds of narrow rings. *Saturn has 15 moons and it’s very hot. *Uranus has five moons,and it’s blue-green colour. *Neptune is almost the same size as Uranus,it’s very cold and its temperature is -200c. Pluto is a very small planet it’s cold and very far from the sun.