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The Renaissance
1485-1660
The Renaissance
1485-1660
I. Rediscovering Ancient Greece and Rome
A. Renaissance means “rebirth.”
B. Renewed interest in the writings of
Ancient Greece and Rome
C. People discovered the marvels
hidden away in old Greek and Latin
classics.
The Renaissance
D. There was a renewal
of the human spirit of
curiosity and creativity.
E. The term “Renaissance
person” is used for an
energetic and productive
human being who is
interested in science,
literature, history, art and
other subjects.
The Renaissance
II.
Italy – A Flourish of Genius
A. The Renaissance began in Italy in
the fourteenth century and lasted
into the sixteenth.
B. Extraordinary people:
Artists: Da Vinci,
Michelangelo
Explorers: Christopher
Columbus
Scientists: Galileo
The Renaissance
C. Roman Catholicism still dominated
society and the church financed
many intellectual and artistic
endeavors.
D. Michelangelo painted gigantic
Biblical scenes on the ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel.
The Sistine Chapel ceiling - Michelangelo
The Last Supper - Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo Da Vinci
The Mona Lisa
The Renaissance
III.
Humanism: Questions
about the Good Life
A. Writers and artists
were part of an
intellectual movement
known as humanism.
B. Discovery of new
answers to questions
such as “What is the good
life?”
The Renaissance
C. They sought to harmonize two great
sources of wisdom: the Bible and
the classics.
D. Combined use of the Latin classics
with traditional Christian thought
taught people how to live and how
to rule.
The Renaissance
IV.
IV. The New Technology: A Flood of
Print
A. The printing press transformed the
way information was exchanged
(everything hand-written prior to
this time)
B. Johannes Gutenburg (1400-1468)
made the first complete book in
print – The Bible (Germany)
The Renaissance
C. In 1476 printing reached
England.
D. William Caxton set up a
printing press in Westminster,
making more books available
to more people than
ever before.
The Renaissance
V.
The Reformation: Breaking with the
Church
A. Common feature: all rejected the
authority of the pope and Italian
churchmen.
B. By 1530’s, an open break with the
Roman church could not be avoided.
The Renaissance
C. Strong feelings of patriotism and
national identity made the
English people resent the
financial burden imposed on
them by the Vatican.
D. Martin Luther emerged as a
leader of Christianity which was
based on the Bible and not what the
pope said.
King
Henry
VIII
The Renaissance
VI. Henry Tudor
A. Henry the VIII wanted to get
rid of his wife of twenty-four
years.
B. Divorce was not sanctioned by
the Catholic church.
C. Catherine of Aragon had not
given Henry a male heir and he
wanted to marry Anne Boleyn.
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn
The Renaissance
D. Because the church
would not grant his divorce,
Henry made himself
head of the English church.
E. This act brought about
the beginning of the
Protestant Reformation.
The Renaissance
VII. Henry VIII: Renaissance Man and
Executioner
A. Henry VIII had six wives. He
divorced two, beheaded two, lost one
to a natural death, and the other
survived.
B. He created the Royal Navy which
put a stop to foreign invasions and
provided a way to spread its political
power, language, and literature all
over the world.
The Renaissance
C. Mary Tudor succeeded her father
Henry VIII. She killed protestants
and reversed her father’s policies.
Had been called “Bloody Mary.” She
restored the Pope’s authority in
England.
Mary Tudor
The Renaissance
VIII. Elizabeth: The Virgin Queen
A. Elizabeth I (1558-1603) was one of
the most brilliant and successful
monarchs in history.
B. She restored law and order,
reestablished the Church of England,
and rejected the Pope’s authority.
Queen Elizabeth I
The Renaissance
C. In 1588, the English Royal Navy
defeated the Spanish Armada. To this day
England is known for its military might at sea.
D. Elizabeth became a beloved symbol of
peace, security, and prosperity to her subjects.
The Renaissance
IX. Decline of the Renaissance
A. Elizabeth died childless so her cousin
James VI of Scotland became her
successor.
B. As James I of England, he lacked
Elizabeth’s ability to resolve critical
issues.
C. More political and secular values
were beginning to challenge the
accepted doctrines of religion.