Download Innate Immunity Chapter Study Questions

Innate Immunity Chapter 3 Study Questions
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Compare innate and adaptive immunity as in Table 3-1.
Describe the anatomic barriers (skin and mucous membranes) and the innate mechanisms
used by each to protect the host.
Describe PRRs and PAMPs. How do they differ from antibodies and TCRs in the adaptive
immune response?
Describe the effector mechanisms, or host response, to activation by these innate-immune
sensors-IISs (Fig. 3-4).
What are IISs receptors located on macrophages and how do they act?
When do innate responses occur?
Describe ways by which the innate and adaptive immune systems are interconnected.
Describe the process of inflammation, and know and understand the terminology:
a. Extravasation
b. Chemokines
c. Chemoattractants
d. Integrin
e. ICAMs
f. Proinflammatory cytokines
Explain the steps involved in phagocytosis and the cells involved.
Describe and understand the functions of the soluble mediators and the membrane-associated
receptors
a. Table 3-2
b. Acute phase response
c. Pattern recognition molecules
d. TLRs
Name and describe the functions of the various cell types involved in innate immunity.
Discuss the ubiquity of innate immunity, with examples.
Discuss the use of C-reactive Protein as a marker of cardiovascular risk.
Vocabulary
innate immunity
adaptive immunity (acquired immunity)
skin
epidermis
dermis
mucous membranes
cilia
normal flora (microbiota)
fimbriae
psoriasin
pattern recognition receptors (PCRs)
pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
complement (C’)
mannose-binding lectin (MBL)
C-reactive protein (CRP)
Toll-like receptors (TCRs)
Cytokines
Inflammation
Inflammatory response
Edema
Extravasation
Chemokines
Chemoattractants
Integrin
phagocytosis
Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs)
Proinflammatory cytokines
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMSs)
Soluble molecules
Membrane-associated receptors
Defensins
Interferons
Bacteria
Fungi
Antimicrobial peptides
Acute phase response (APR)
Acute phase response proteins (APR proteins)
Pentraxins
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP)
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) proteins
TLRs structure (Fig. 3-10)
Leucine-rich repeats (LRRs)
TLR ligands
Target microbes
Neutrophils
Macrophages
Dendritic cells
Natural killer cells
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS)
NADPH phagosome oxidase (phox) enzyme complex
Respiratory burst
Fig. 3-13
Chronic granulomatous disease
Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS)
Intracellular pathogens
C-reactive protein
Statins
signal transduction pathways
Fig. 3-14
Table 3-4