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THE CHESSBOARD MANIA
2
“CHESSBOARD MANIA 2.0”
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The class will be divided into 4 groups.
Each student per group will be assign to a number which will
also counterpart to a same number in the opposing team.
So, if Team A have no.1 in their group, Team B, C and D will
also have a no.1 number in their team.
The goal of the game is to send Team’s symbol in the
opponent’s final base in 6x 6 chessboard.
Team A symbol is circle, Team B is star, C is heart and D is
triangle
Each round, there will be an assigned team member who will
answer the projected question. First, one to raise his/her hand
& answer correctly will be given a chance to move a single
step (either slanting or diagonal) the team’s symbol leading
towards reaching opponent team’s base.
At the point that your team’s symbol will reach opponent’s
initial based twice even without reaching the final opponent's
based your team will be declared as winner for that game.
Every game a team will win is a point added to
the next summative test
Every
game a group
will be given a special
power to eat/ kill once
the opposing teams
symbol.
“BUT YOU CAN OPEN YOUR OWN
NOTEBOOK OR TEXTBOOK”
BORROWING IS NOT ALLOWED
YOUR TEAM WILL BE
DISQUALIFIED AND MUST MOVE
A STEP BACKWARD IF THE TEAM
WILL NOT FOLLOW GENERAL
INSTRUCTION
ANCIENT ROME
INTRODUCTION
According to the Roman legend, Rome was
founded by 2 brothers after they were raised by a
she-wolf. One of the two brothers was named
Remus,
what “R” is the name of the other brother said to be
founder of Rome?
LESSON ONE: ROME’S BEGINNINGS
I. Legend
a. Roman legend claimed that brothers, Romulus
and Remus founded Rome after they were raised
by a she-wolf.
QUESTIONS
Like Greece, early Rome is bounded with
mountain ranges. What “A” is this mountain range
located at the northern part of Italy?
Rome is also surrounded by
bodies of water including seas like
Mediterranean Sea, Tyrrhenian
Sea, and Adriatic Sea. No wonder,
Romans engage themselves with
trading. What “T” was the most
important river aside from Po
River because foreign ships could
bring goods up the river to Rome?
II. LANDFORMS AND BODIES OF WATER IN
ROME
a. Mountainous
b. Longest coastlines
c. Surrounded by
Mediterranean Sea,
Tyrrhenian Sea, and
Adriatic Sea
IV. TRADING
Tiber River was
important because
foreign ships could bring
goods up the river to
Rome.
QUESTIONS

What “E” are these tribes
from Asia Minor & took
over Rome in 6 000 BCE ?


What “G” is the
civilization in which
Romans & Etruscans
borrowed their
alphabet?
Who is this “B”, the
ruler of Roman
Empire which forced
the Etruscans out of
the Rome?
QUESTIONS
WHAT “A” IS SEEN IN THE PICTURE BELOW THAT
WAS BUILT. DURING THE ETRUSCANS INVASION &
BECAME ONE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION OF
ROMANS?
V. ETRUSCANS
a. Etruscans took over
Rome about 600 B.C.
aqueducts- structures
that carry flowing
water
to supply water to
cities.
b. The Romans resented
Etruscan rule.
Junius Brutus
forced the
Etruscans
out of Rome and
became the new
leader.
LESSON 2 OUTLINE
QUESTIONS
What “N” means strong
devotion to one’s country?
Often times, Romans
described themselves as that
for being proud & loyal to its
homeland.


What “P” were called
common people during
Ancient Rome because
90% of the population
came from this class?

What “P” comprises
10% of people in
Rome? Mostly this
class were the upper
class, nobility &
landowners.
LESSON 2-THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
I. Nationalism
a. Romans were proud of their soldiers and loyal to
their homeland. Told many war hero stories to
raise pride and nationalism- a strong devotion to
one’s country.
II. Two Groups of Citizens
a. patricians – rich and powerful
b. plebeians – common people, 90% of the people.
patricians
soldier and slave
plebeians
farmer/craftsmen
QUESTIONS

What ”R” is the form of
government of Ancient
Rome in which citizens
have the right to vote, or
choose their leaders?

What “C” are the
administrators of laws
during the Ancient
Rome?

What “S” is a way how
the upper class
(patricians) ruled the
government in Roman
Republic?
III. REPUBLIC
a. Citizens have the right to vote, or choose their
leaders
b. Elected officials represented the people in the
Senate (governing body)
c. At first the Senate made up of patricians.
d. Each year two patricians were elected as consuls
(officials for the government and army)
QUESTIONS

Who are these “S” which
are NOT a citizen of
ancient Rome but are part
of the class structure?
What “D” is appointed
by consuls during time of
crisis & has absolute
power but only within 6
months in service?


What “L” is a type of
power Roman women
had?
IV. CITIZENSHIP
a. Slaves and most foreigners were
NOT citizens.
b. Women WERE citizens with
limited power.
i. could not vote or
hold
public office
ii. property, testify in court and
play major roles in government.
Patricians
QUESTIONS

What “C” is this assembly
which chose censor, who
registered for tax & voting
purposes?

What “V” is the power
of plebeians to
prohibit or reject a
proposed or intended
act of the government
that may threatened
their rights?


What “T” were elected
by Assembly of Tribes,
which were men who
were appointed to
protect the rights of
the plebeians
What “T” is Rome’s
first written law code
during 451 BCE?
V. ASSEMBLIES AND TRIBUNES
a. Assembly of Centuries and Tribes
TRIBUNES
a.men who were appointed to protect
the rights of the plebeians
b. set up to protect plebeians from the
harsh treatment from patricians
ROMAN EXPANSION
QUESTIONS


What “L” is this league
created by Romans &
Latin tribes held to defend
its territories?
What “C” is this citystate in North Africa
to which Roman
empire fought in 3
wars to a struggle for
western
Mediterranean
control?
 Who is this “H” a
Carthaginian general
who invaded at
Cannae in southern
Italy on 216 CE?


Who were these “G”
the second tribe which
invade Rome during
4th century? They are
fierce warriors from
France & Northern
Italy.
Who is this “P”, King
of Epirus; defeated the
Romans in two battles
in spite of staggering
losses?






Latin League
Gauls destroyed Rome
Roman army attacked Etruscans
Greeks asked helped to Pyrrhus, defeated Roman
army with 25 000 men and 20 elephants
Pyrrhic Victory- costly victory
Built military roads – Appian Way
Expansion of territories until Southern part of
Italy
VI. CARTHAGE
a. City-state located in North Africa.
b. Had a large and powerful navy and one of the
strongest armies.
VII. ROME AND CARTHAGE
a. Rome and Carthage fought three times in the
battles called the Punic Wars.
i. Wars lasted a total of 120 years and the
Romans won all three wars.
b. 1st War of the Punic Wars- fought over land off the
coast of Italy, Sicily
c. 2nd War of the Punic Wars- MOST FAMOUS OF THE THREE
i. Hannibal (Carthaginian general) took his army across the Alps
on elephants and surprised the Romans.
ii. The Romans were saved when Scipio Africanus(Roman
General)
attacked Carthage and Hannibal had to rush back home
to Carthage to help.
d. 3rd War of the Punic Wars- Romans captured and destroyed
Carthage
i. surviving Carthaginians were sold into slavery and Rome
controlled the entire Western Mediterranean
region.
VIII. CONQUERED PLACES
a.Romans tried to keep people happy
and patriotic (loyal to Rome).
i. Granted Roman
citizenship to people they
conquered
QUESTIONS


Who is this “G”, killed
himself after his
supporters were killed
by wealthy Romans
after passing a bill on
land reforms ?
Who is this “S” a
dictator who made
changes by abolishing
the power by
tribunes?

Who is this “T”,
proposed a law that
would divide farmlands
gained in war among
the out-of-work farmers?
IX. EFFECTS OF WAR ON ROME
a. Money came to Rome but only the
patricians were wealthier.
i. Plebeians lost jobs to wartime slaves
ii. farmland and homes were destroyed
because of fighting
iii. This angered the plebeians “Civil
War”
b. Land reforms by Gracchus Brothers
c. Decline of republic
QUESTIONS
d. Making of triumvirate


Who is this “J” honoured
as dictator for life by the
Roman Senate? Expanded
Roman territory over
France and Belgium

Who is this “P” a
member of the very
first triumvirate, &
whom Caesar fought
his army & won the
battle of Pharsalia in
48 BCE?
What is the last “V”
Caesar said as a
report after
proceeding a revolt in
Asia Minor &
returning to Rome?
X. JULIUS CAESAR
”
a. Won battle between two other
Roman generals and was made a ruler for life.
b. January 10, 49 BCE- “crossing the rubicon”
c. March 15, 44 BCE- “Ides of March”-Brutus and
Cassius
d. Octavian & Anthony (Rome VS Egypt)- Battle of
Actium
On March 15, Julius Caesar was stabbed
on the Senate floor.
LESSON 3
OUTLINE
The Roman Empire
QUESTIONS


What “P” is also known as
Period of Peace &
Prosperity in Ancient
Rome?

Who is this “D” known
as the last barracks
emperor, devising a
tetrarchy?

Who is this “A” which
his name meant
highly-honored-all
rolled in one person?
Who is this “M”, the
philosopher-emperor
who wrote the most
famous Meditations?
I. AUGUSTUS
a.
b.
c.
d.
Emperor of Rome who stabilized Rome after Julius
Caesar’s death and the civil war
Centralized the government and improved the
economy
Began a long period of peace called Pax Romana
(Roman Peace).
i. 200 YEARS OF PEACE
Made people conquered by Rome loyal to Rome
i. this united the Roman Empire
i.
ii. Roman Empire spread eastward and westward
ii. on three continents.
II. GOOD AND BAD EMPERORS
a. Although there were many good emperors,
there were also bad emperors.
i. Period of bad emperors lasted for thirty
years until Marcus Aurelius.
b. “Five Good Emperors”
i. more stable leadership led to 84 years of
peace and prosperity
ii. Marcus Aurelius was the last and
greatest emperor of this time.
QUESTIONS


What “L” is the unifying
language of Romans?

What “R” are Romans
greatest contribution to
modern-day government
for it adheres people’s
equality?
What “C” is the most
famous Roman arena?
IV. CONQUERED PEOPLE (THE PEOPLE
THE ROMANS TOOK OVER)
a.
b.
c.
All spoke their own language and Latin
The conquered people also had citizenship
Local leaders were allowed to remain in power
i. This led to the empire being united!
V. ROMAN LAW (SIMILAR TO U.S. LAW) THAT ALL
PEOPLE COULD FOLLOW:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
All free people have equal rights.
A person is innocent until he or she is proven
guilty.
Accused people should be allowed to face their
accusers and defend themselves.
Judges must interpret the law and make
decisions fairly.
People have rights that no government can take
away.
The Twelve Tables were laws
engraved on tablets and put on
display in the Forum in Rome for
everyone to see, so they could be
understood by all of the citizens of
Rome.
VI. ROMAN CULTURE
a. The Colosseum is the most famous Roman arena.
It held the following events:
i. gladiator fights (most important), plays
and religious ceremonies
LESSON 4 OUTLINE
The Rise of Christianity
QUESTIONS



What “M” is describe as
belief in one god?
What ‘C” is a religion
based on the teaching
of Jesus
Who is this “C”, an emperor,
made Christianity equal to
all other religions and
outlawed the persecutions. ?  Who is this “T”, an emperor,
divided Roman empires into
east and west?
I. CHRISTIANITY
a. A religion based on the teaching of Jesus
(who was a Jewish man).
II. Jesus’ beliefs (monotheistic)
a. believed that God loved everyone
b. wanted people to be kind to one another
c. he preached about forgiveness and mercy
III. JESUS IS CRUCIFIED
a. Jesus was crucified because local leaders
thought his message would upset Roman
rulers.
b. After his death disciples spread Jesus’
teachings and Christianity continued to
spread.
c. Peter and Paul were the most famous
disciples.
IV. PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS
At first Christians were persecuted because they
refused to worship the emperor as a god.
b. Emperor Constantine succeeded Diocletian made
Christianity equal to all other religions and
outlawed the persecutions.
Made Constantinople as center of Roman
Empire
c. Theodosius divided Rome
East- Arcadius Eastern Roman Empire
(BYZANTINE)
West- Honorius Western Roman Empire (ROMAN)
a.
LESSON 5 OUTLINE
Rise and Fall
QUESTIONS

Who is this “A” , leader of the
Huns who pressed down the
Slavs making riches of Rome
be in their hands?


Who is this ‘O”, a
Germanic barbaric tribe
leader who became the
first Roman emperor?
What “A” is the battle
near the Black Sea
where the Visigoths
defeated Roman
legion?
Slavs->
Huns headed by Attila->
Visigoths (Battle of Adrianople)->
Vandals -------- Odoacer
QUESTIONS

What “M” also known as
hired soldiers& were not
loyal to the Roman
Empire?


If Roman catholic
Church has Apostle’s
Creed, what ‘N” is the
creed for Eastern
Orthodox Church?
If Roman Catholic
Church has Pope,
what “P” is the head
of Eastern Orthodox
Church?
EMPERORS FOR SALE
I. Emperors
a. Most Emperors after Marcus Aurelius
cared about increasing their wealth and power not
the welfare of the Roman Empire.
II. Choosing a New Ruler
a. Mercenaries (hired soldiers) were not
loyal
to the Roman Empire.
ii. Mercenaries allowed their own
tribes to attack Rome, especially
German tribes.
c. Roads were unsafe and trade decreased.
V. DIFFERENCES
AMONG THE EMPIRES
a. Eastern part of the empire was strong
and rich; capital city was Constantinople.
i. Emperor was the head of the
church-Byzantine Orthodox
Church.
b. Western part of the empire was weak
and poor; capital city was Rome.
i. Pope was the head of the church-the
Roman Catholic Church.
VII. ROME FALLS
a. As Rome declined, the Byzantine Empire became
even more prosperous.
b. When Rome fell, the Byzantine Empire became
the center of Roman Power.