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The Renaissance Rebirth in Italy The Italian Renaissance What was the Renaissance? Why did it begin in Italy? The City-State The Medici Family Define Secularism, Humanism, Individualism Literature Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Castiglione Education The Renaissance Man What was the Renaissance Rebirth of ancient culture New attitude toward the world Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy? 1. 2. Trade routes; increased contact with other civilizations A wealthy middle class grows due to trade. - People want to enjoy wealth 3. 4. Competition among the wealthy leads to developments in education and art City-States on the Peninsula are not hindered by monarchy or strong influence of papacy. The Italian City-States Independent Republics ruled by wealthy merchant class (essentially oligarchies) Florence Large textile and wool industry Banking center Dominated by Medici family Lorenzo ‘The Magnificent’ Patron of the humanities and the arts Humanism 1. 2. 3. 4. Admiration of ancient Greeks and Romans Belief that life is to be enjoyed Glorification of humanity and the individual Exploration of the secular world Literature Shift from technical, theological writing in the Middle Ages to…. Writing that deals with general questions about life Writing for artistic effect Writing to amuse Writers of the Renaissance not exclusively clergy Preferred writing style of ancients Dante Alighieri Writer of The Divine Comedy Written in Vernacular Beginning of local common languages becoming standardized Petrarch Father of Humanism Inspired by love, beauty, travel, connections with people Love letters, sonnets Searched for long lost Latin manuscripts Giovanni Boccaccio Wrote Decameron First prose masterpiece written in Italian Story of human character and behavior Baldassare Castiglione Wrote The Book of the Courtier Outlined proper gentlemanly behavior Humanist education emphasized Education Emphasis on the study of the humanities Virtù, The Universal Man, The Renaissance Man The quality of being a man successful in all worthwhile pursuits (Arts, war, politics etc) Know Latin, Greek, and Vernacular