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Chem 1C – Chapter 19 – CLAS e-mail: [email protected] website: clas.sa.ucsb.edu/staff/terri/ 1. Which of the following substances can NOT act as a ligand? a. H2O b. OH– c. CO d. NH4+ e. Br– 2. Which of the following can act as a chelate? Circle all that apply. a. NH2CH2CH2NH2 b. C2O42– c. NH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2 d. SCN– 3. Write the chemical formula for the following: a. lithium hexahydroxoferrate(III) b. diamminedichloro(ethylendiamine)chromium(III) sulfate c. potassium tetrabromodicyanoplatinate(II) d. bis(ethylenediamine)oxalatomanganese(IV) nitrate 4. For each of the following 1) what is the oxidation state on the transition metal 2) determine the coordination number and 3) provide a name: a. [Pt(NH ) Br] + 3 3 b. K[Co(en)BrCl ] 3 c. [Ni(CO)4] Br2 d. Na[Mn(C2O4)2(CN)2] e. [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2][PtI6] 5. Which of the following can NOT form linkage isomers? a. SCN– b. NO2– c. NO3– d. all can form linkage isomers 6. Rank the following 0.1M aqueous solutions by their conductivity in water. I. [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 II. [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl•(H2O)2 III. [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2•H2O What type of isomers are illustrated above? 7. Which of the following substances can have geometric isomers? a. [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 b. [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 c. Li[Co(NH3)3Cl3] d. K[Co(NH3)2Cl4] e. Na3[CoCl6] 8. Give the number of geometric isomers for the octahedral compound [MA2B2C2], where A, B, and C represent ligands. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e. 6 9. For the process Co(NH3)5Cl2+ + Cl– Co(NH3)4Cl2+ + NH3, what would be the ratio of cis to trans isomers in the product? a. 1:1 b. 1:2 c. 1:4 d. 4:1 e. 2:1 10. Which of the following statements about the complex ion Co(en)2Cl2+ is true? (en = ethylenediamine, NH2CH2CH2NH2) a. The complex ion contains Co(I). b. The complex ion exhibits cis and trans geometric isomers, but no optical isomers. c. The complex ion exhibits two geometric isomers (cis and trans) and two optical isomers. d. The geometric isomers of the complex ion have identical chemical properties. 11. The compound Co(NH3)4Cl3 (233.44g/mol) has several structural isomers. A solution is made by dissolving 0.875 g of one of the isomer in 25.0 g of water. The solution freezes at -0.56 °C. (Kf = 1.86 °C kg/mol) Which of the following is the correct structural isomer? a. [Co(NH3)4Cl3] b. [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl c. [Co(NH3)4Cl]Cl2 d. [Co(NH3)4]Cl3 12. Draw the d orbital diagrams according to the crystal field model in order to predict how many unpaired electrons are in each of the following: a. [Fe(CN)6]3b. [CoBr6]4c. [Mn(en)2]3+ (tetrahedral) 13. An orange complex and a violet complex were both found to have ferric ion as their central metal; which one absorbs light with a longer wavelength? 14. Solutions of [Co(NH3)6]3+ , [Co(NO2)6]3-and [CoF6]3- are colored. The solutions were red, yellow and blue. Match the solution to the color. 15. The complex ion [Zn(H2O)6]2+ is colorless whereas [Ni(H2O)6]2+ is green, explain. 16. A crystal that contains a complex ion is known to absorb 266 kJ/mol. Determine the color of the crystal. Rules for Naming Coordination Compounds 1. As with any ionic compound, the cation is named before the anion. 2. In naming a complex ion, the ligands are named before the metal ion. 3. The prefixes di, tri etc. are used to denote the number of simple ligands. The prefixes bis, tris and tetrakis etc. are used for more complicated ligands (polydentates), or ones with names that contain di, tri and so on. 4. The oxidation state of the central metal ion is designated with a Roman numeral in parentheses. 5. When more than one type of ligand is present, ligands are named in alphabetical order. Prefixes are not alphabetized. 6. Complex anions have the suffix ate added to the metal ion. Negative Ligands Name Neutral Ligands Name Metal Anion Complex Name F- fluoro H2O aqua iron ferrate - chloro NH3 ammine copper cuprate - bromo CO carbonyl lead plumbate I- iodo NO nitrosyl silver argentate OH- hydroxo NH2CH2CH2NH2 aka en ethylenediamine gold aurate tin stannate Cl Br CN - cyano - nitro NO2 ONO- nitrito C2O42- aka ox oxalato SCN- thiocyanato Examples of Polydentate Ligands Isomers (Same formula but different properties) Structural Isomers Stereoisomers (Different bonds) (Same bonds, different spatial arrangements) Coordination isomerism – Linkage isomerism – same different ligands or different ratio of ligands ligand bonded with a different element [Cr(H2O)5Br]Cl vs. [Cr(H2O)5Cl]Br Or [Zn(NH3)4][CuCl4] vs. [Cu(NH3)4][ZnCl4] Geometric (cis/trans) isomerism – different relative angles Optical Isomerism – chiral – asymmetric – non identical mirror image Crystal Field Model Spectrochemical series: CN- > NO2- > en > NH3 > H2O > OH- >F- > Cl- > Br- > I- Complimentary colors: Red/Green Orange/Blue Yellow/Violet Octahedral Tetrahedral Square Planar Linear List of Terms