Download Psychology Key Terms

Psychology Key Terms
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Psychology
Personality
Heredity
Environment
Adaptation
Id
Ego
Superego
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Empathy
Conscious Needs
Unconscious Needs
Defense Mechanisms
Projection
Repression
Denial
Rationalization
Open Notebooks and date 3/8
Psychology-the study of human
behavior
Sigmund Freud-father of modern psychology
Id: Basic needs-food, water, survival, happiness
Superego: teachings of society
concerning right and wrong
Ego: referee between Id, Superego
Personality is made up of:
Heredity
Id
Environment:
Superego
Adaptation:
Ego
Brain Facts
 Wet Fragile mass that weighs a little over 3 pounds
 About the size of a small grapefruit
 Shaped like a walnut
 Always working even during sleep
 Only 2% of our body weight but consumes 20% of our
daily calories.
 The more we think, the more we burn
Brain Facts(continued)
 Your brain is 75% water
 Your brain is incapable of feeling pain
 Information travels to your brain at over 250 mph
 your brain is capable of having more ideas than the
number of atoms in the known universe
Problem Solving Steps
1. Identify and clarify the
problem/decision
2. Gather/Evaluate Information
3. Consider alternatives and implications
4. Talk with someone you trust
5. Choose and act on the best alternative
6. Evaluate your decision
7. Deal with it
Maslow's Needs Pyramid
Self Actualization
Self esteem
Love and Belonging
Safety
Body
Defense Mechanisms
Protection from emotional pain
Projection- shifting your own faults onto someone
else
Repression-putting painful memories out of ones
mind
Denial-refusing to believe something has happened
Rationalization-making excuses
Bellwork 3/22
Open your notebooks, date
the page, and complete the
following “practice quiz” in
your notes.
Put the steps of problem solving in order
1. Take responsibility for your decision
2. Evaluate your decision
3. Talk with someone you trust
4. Consider alternatives and implications
5. Identify and clarify the problem/decision
6. Gather/Evaluate Information
7. Choose and act on the best alternative
According to Freud:
9. This part of your personality you are born with
and it satisfies your selfish needs and wants
10. This part of your personality is developed by
the teachings of society.
11. This part of your personality balances the
desires of both
12. Which is a more important part of your
personality: Heredity or Environment?
Put the following needs in order
of first met:
1. I need to find a place to sit at
the lunch table
2. I am hungry
3. I want to hang out with my
friends
4. I make good choices and I wan
to make sure my friends do the
same.
5. Somebody wants to beat me up
Learning
A change in behavior caused by experience
Mental Set-an expectation of the way things should be
Experience
the world
through
our 5
senses
Travels through
nervous system
to brain where
we decide what
to do
Information is
sent back to the
body ordering
us to act in a
certain way
Brain stores
information on
what to and not
to do next time
3 Types of Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Trial and Error Learning
3 types of learning
Classical conditioning(Ivan Pavlov)
Stimulus
Response
NS(bell)
R(no salivation)
UCS(food)
UCR(salivation)
NS (bell)+UCS (food)
R(salivation)
CS(bell)
CR(salivation)
3 types of learning
Operant Conditioning(B.F. Skinner)
•Shaping behavior
•Uses positive and negative reinforcement
•Positive more beneficial than negative
•Worked with pigeons in “Skinner Box”
Conflict Resolution
Conflict resolution- the process of resolving a
dispute or a conflict between two or more parties, by
providing each side's needs, and adequately
addressing their interests so that they are satisfied
with the outcome. Conflict resolution aims to end
conflicts before they start.
Outcomes
Win-win outcomes occur when each side of a dispute
feels they have won. Since both sides benefit from such
a scenario, any resolutions to the conflict are likely to
be accepted voluntarily.
Win-lose outcomes result when only one side
perceives the outcome as positive. Thus, win-lose
outcomes are less likely to be accepted voluntarily.
Outcomes
Lose-lose outcomes mean that all parties end up
being worse off. In some lose-lose situations, all
parties understand that losses are unavoidable and
that they will be evenly distributed. In such situations,
lose-lose outcomes can be preferable to win-lose
outcomes because the distribution is at least
considered to be fair.
Compromise outcomes are the result when both sides
win and lose a little at the same time.