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Overview Table
Level 4
Title / Scientist(s)
Page
Idea and evidence
Vocabulary /
Resources
Science Terminology
No.
Matching topics in
KS3 Science /
KS4 Biology (S4-6)
4-9
Working out the structure of
•
DNA
In 1953, two young scientists, James Watson and
adenine
Worksheet 1
KS3 Science (S1-3)
3.2 Heredity
Francis Crick succeeded in building an accurate model thymine
guanine
- James Watson (1928 - )
explain how DNA replicates itself and how DNA
cytosine
characteristics
- Francis Crick (1916 - 2004)
determines body characteristics.
double helix
KS4 Biology (S4-6)
In putting together the pieces of the DNA puzzle,
base pairing
II. Genetics and
Watson and Crick used the findings of various
X-ray crystallography
Evolution
scientists. Erwin Chargaff’s findings had helped solve
X-ray diffraction
b. Molecular genetics
•
10-15 Mendel – the first person to
•
CD Track X1
- Inheritance of
of the DNA molecule. This model enabled them to
the issues of base pairing, and Rosalind Franklin and
- Chromosomes, genes
Maurice Wilkins had provided useful data for the
and nucleic acids
arrangement of different chemical groups in DNA
- DNA technology and
molecules through X-ray crystallography.
DNA fingerprinting
When Mendel crossed a pure-breeding tall plant with a pure-breeding
Worksheet 2
KS3 Science (S1-3)
study inheritance
pure-breeding short plant, the first generation offspring offspring
3.2 Heredity
scientifically
produced were all tall. But when those offspring was
contrasting character CD Track X2
- Inheritance of
self-crossed to produce a second generation, most of
generation
characteristics
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- Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
•
the second-generation offspring were tall, but a
hereditary factor
KS4 Biology (S4-6)
smaller number were short.
gamete
II. Genetics and
Mendel explained through the first law of inheritance
Mendel’s first law of
Evolution
that a pair of hereditary factors controls the inherited
features of an organism. During gamete formation,
inheritance
a. Basic genetics
chromosome
- Medal’s laws of
separation of each pair of hereditary factors occurs
inheritance
and each gamete receives one factor from each
parent.
16-22 What did Darwin learn from
•
the finches?
- Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
On the Galapagos Islands, Darwin found some animal
specimen
and plant specimens that were similar to those from
finch
the mainland. He studied the finches, the iguana and
iguana
giant tortoises there and found significant variations
evolution
- Variation within the
that were specific to the species from each island.
natural selection
same kind of living
Based on his observations, Darwin came up with an
Worksheet 3
KS3 Science (S1-3)
2.2 Observing an animal
CD Track X3
2.3 Diversity
things
idea of how evolution worked by natural selection. He
explained why the finches found in the Galapagos
KS4 Biology (S4-6)
Islands had different beaks and were adapted to eat
II. Genetics and
different foods available on the islands, using his
Evolution
theory of natural selection.
c. Biodiversity and
evolution
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