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Stem cells and cancer Cédric Blanpain, MD, PhD WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles MD, PhD and Postdoc • MD, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium 1995 • Internal Medicine, 1995-2002 • PhD in the lab of Marc Parmentier, Belgium 1997-2001 on CCR5 and HIV entry • Postdoc in lab of Elaine Fuchs, Rockefeller University, USA 2002-2006 on skin stem cells My lab is studying the role of stem cell during development, homeostasis and cancer Embryonic and postnatal development ERC-Consolidator EXPAND 2014-2019 Cancer initiation ERC-Starter CancerStem 2008-2013 Cancer growth Homeostasis and repair Pardal et al. Nature Review Cancer 2003 Blanpain lab before the first ERC 2008 2007 2006 2011 Defining the mechanisms controling tumor initiation and growth: CancerStem Cédric Blanpain, MD, PhD WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles Cellular origin of skin cancers Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) >500 000 patients per year Ras/p53 mutations IFE origin? Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) >2 000 000 patients per year in USA HH signaling mutations HF origin? Tracing the cellular origin of skin cancers Khalil Kass Youseff,PhD Gaelle Lapouge, PhD Blanpain C. Nature Cell Biology 2013 Uncovering the cellular origin of basal cell carcinoma Youssef et al. Nature Cell Biology (2010) Wnt dependent reprograming of adult epidermal stem cells into embryonic hair follicle during BCC initiation Youssef et al. Nature Cell Biology (2012) Identifying the cellular origin of skin squamous cell carcinoma Lapouge et al. PNAS 2011 Latil et al. Cell Stem Cell 2016 Defining the mode of tumor growth Clonal analysis to define the mode of tumor growth Equipotency Cancer stem cell Cancer stem cell with neutral cell competition Blanpain & Simons Nat Rev Mol Cel Biol 2013 Identifying cancer stem cells within the natural microenvironoment Gregory Driessens, PhD Driessens et al. Nature 2012 Defining the changes in the proliferation dynamics during skin tumor progression Homeostasis Mascré et al. Nature 2012 Papilloma Squamous cell carcinoma Driessens et al. Nature 2012 Defining the role of VEGF and the vascular niche in the regulation of cancer stem cells Benjamin Beck, PhD Beck , Nature 2011 Defining the role of Sox2 in the regulation of cancer stem cells Soufiane Boumhadi, MS Boumhadi, Nature 2014 Blanpain lab after ERC CancerStem 2008 2013 2011 Defining the cellular dynamics leading to tissue expansion: ERC EXPAND 2014-2019 Distinct contribution of stem and progenitor cells during homeostasis of the skin epidermis Clonal analysis Survival Mode of division Inv-CREER K14-CREER Model Guillhem Mascre, MS Mascré et al. Nature 2012 Defining stem cell dynamics during wound healing, force mediated tissue expansion and tumorigenesis Wound healing Mechanical force mediated epidermal expansion Stem cell dynamic during tumor initiation Adriana Sanchez-Danez, PhD Sanchez et al. Nature 2016 Temporal dynamics of SC during wound healing Mariaceleste Aragona, PhD Sophie Dekoninck Dynamic of epidermal SC during wound healing Aragona & Dekoninck Nature Communications 2017 Defining the switch from multipotency to unipotency in glandular epithelia Mammary gland Van Keymeulen et al. Nature, 2011 Prostate Ousset et al. Nature Cell Biology , 2012 Novel methods to assess multipotency Statistical methods Aline Wuidart Lineage tracing at saturation Genes and Development 2016 Mechanisms regulating oncogene induced multipotency in the mammary gland Alexandra Van Keymeulen, PhD May Yin Lee, PhD Van Keymeulen et al. Nature 2015
