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Characteristics Found in foods like: Meat Dairy (cheese, yogurt) Nuts Eggs Beans Characteristics Proteins make up cells, skin, hair, fingernails, hormones, enzymes and antibodies (fight infection) Energy source BUT we don’t want to rely on it Contain C, H, O, and Nitrogen…Some contain Sulfur Body digests protein into small units: Amino Acids Why are proteins digested into amino acids??? 1. Proteins in food are digested into amino acids 2. Amino acids are small enough to travel through the cell membrane. (what will your cells do with the amino acids?) 3. Inside cells, Amino acids are put together in New proteins needed for your body order to build…. Proteins digested Amino acids in food Joined together to build Proteins for the body Structure of an Amino Acid There are 20 types of amino acids All amino acids contain: 1 carboxyl group (COOH) 1 amino group (NH2) 1 variable group (also called side chain, or R) Different in each amino acid Structure of an Amino Acid Dehydration Synthesis/Hydrolysis Group Key Carboxyl Amino Variable http://www2.nl.edu/jste/proteins.htm 1. 2. 3. Peptide Bond -Bond between 2 amino acids Dipeptide -2 amino acids bonded by a peptide bond Polypeptide -3 or more bonded amino acids -Large polypeptide = Protein A group of amino acids held together form a protein A group of amino acids held together form a protein Kwashiorkor on the increase in Zimbabwe In some countries, children who do not get enough protein develop large stomachs. Why?