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Transcript
Name_________________ Period ____ Endocrine System Webquest Visit the following sites to answer the questions below. Site # 1 - What Is the Endocrine System? http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/endocrine.html Questions 1. What are the functions of the endocrine system? ____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. What are hormones and what is their function? _____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is a gland? Give an example. _______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. How are exocrine glands different than endocrine glands? _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 7. Site # 2 – Parts of the Endocrine System: Label the major parts of the Endocrine System http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/endocrine.html# Page 2 1. Label the following 8 Endocrine glands Site # 3 – Gland Specifics – Structure and Function http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/endocrine.html# Questions: 8. The ____________________________________________, a collection of specialized cells that is located in the lower central part of the brain, is the primary link between the endocrine and nervous systems. 9. Which gland is called the “master gland”? Explain why it is given this name. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 10. List the hormones (and their jobs) that are produced by the pituitary gland: a. Anterior Lobe: _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ b. Posterior Lobe: _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 11. What are thyroid hormones responsible for? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 12. What do parathyroids regulate in the blood? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 13. Where are adrenal glands located in the body?_____________________________________ Site # 4 – Test Yourself: Use the info in this page to complete the chart. Hint - Use the Drag and Drop Matching at the bottom of the page to aid you in your quest. http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/hormones/horm2.cfm?coSiteNavi gation_allTopic=1 14. Contrast the 2 parts of the adrenal glands: Endocrine Gland Where in the body Hormone produced Pituitary Testis Ovary Pancreas Adrenal Thyroid 15. Differentiate between the female and male gonads. List their functions, locations and which hormones they produce. Female Male 16. Which endocrine gland starts off the process of puberty? ________________________ 17. Which two hormones, produced by this gland, stimulate the production of sex hormones? _____________________________________________________________ 18. What hormone is produced in the testes? ____________________________________ 19. Advance through pages 3- 10, answering the questions at the bottom of each page and checking your answers. a. Be sure to play the animation showing the menstrual cycle when you get to it and pay particular attention to the hormones involved. This is an excellent example of how multiple hormones can influence each other and control a major biological process like menstruation. It is often used as a question topic. Site # 5 – Gland Specifics – Structure and Function http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/endocrine.html# 20. What are the 2 major hormones produced by the pancreas? What are their roles in the body? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 21. Once a hormone is secreted, how does it get to its target cells? _______________________________________________________________________ Site #6: Signal Transduction and the Endocrine System Use the information in the link below to answer the following questions: Link: http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/signal_transduction/signal_trans duction.htm a. What is signal transduction? b. What is the purpose of the body’s use of signal transduction? c. What is unique about hormones that are used in the signaling process? d. The goal is for the signal sent from a gland to be transferred across the cell membrane. i. What problem arises in the process of transmitting this signal to the inside of a cell? ii. What then acts to “transduce” the signal? (The word “transduce” means to convert) e. What is meant by a signal cascade? f. If a bear was chasing you, what gland would you hope was working properly? i. What is the function of epinephrine? g. What important molecule is part of (attached to) a cAMP molecule? (hint: when running from a bear, your legs would not move without this molecule) h. What is the purpose of kinases? i. What is the result of the signal transduction cascade started by the enzyme kinase A? j. What is the purpose of an inhibitor receptor? k. What is signal transduction amplification? The Hypothalmic-Pituitary-Endocrine Axis and Positive and Negative Feedback Loops Go to Site #7: Use the information in the following link to answer the questions below. Link: http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter46/positive_and_negative_feedback.html l. What is the difference between negative and positive feedback? Hint: Read the text above the animation! m. In the animation, what hormone stimulates the release of GnHR and LH? n. Explain why the interaction between estrogen, GnHR and LH prior to ovulation is considered to be a positive feedback loop (effect)? Hint: review the definitions of positive feedback loops. o. After ovulation, what hormone is released in response to increased levels of LH? p. Explain why the interaction between progesterone, GnHR and LH after ovulation is considered a negative feedback loop (effect)? Hint: review the definitions of negative feedback loops. Site #8: Go to http://bcs.whfreeman.com/pol1e/#787195__789539__ And answer the questions below: q. Which gland is the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system? r. When I think of the interplay between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, it reminds me of The Wizard of Oz in the scene below: i. Place the words hypothalamus and pituitary in the correct boxes below: ii. Why did you answer the way you did in the pictures above? s. How is the pituitary gland like the substance below: t. What two hormones are produced from the neurons that extend into the posterior pituitary? u. What allows oxytocin and antidiutetic hormone (ADH) to be able to be released into the bloodstream? v. Why is ADH known as a vasopressin (“vaso” = refers to blood vessel)? w. What is contained in the anterior pituitary? x. The hormones listed above are produced by the neurons in the posterior pituitary. How are hormones released from the cells in the anterior pituitary? y. Complete the following table: Releasing Hormone TRH Tropic Hormone Gland effected Physiologic Response/Purpose Thyroid FSH and LH Prolactin Release/Inhibit Hormone Release of estrogen in females and testosterone in males; gamete production; egg release and production of testosterone Mammary glands GH Throughout body ACTH Release of cortisol to increase levels of glucose in the blood during times of stress MSH Release of melatonin in the dark (responds to seasonal changes) j) Using the Negative Feedback Loops animation, answer the following questions: a. What chain reaction of hormones occurs to cause the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol (as a result of a stress response)? b. What crucial physical connection exists that allows the production of cortisol to not continue out of control? Also, describe the process. Hormone to Gland matching: Challenging! Site #9: Go to http://www.zerobio.com/drag_oa/endo.htm (GnRH)=Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Copy the matching gland and hormone below: The Role of Endocrinologist Each of the scenarios below presents a different medical situation. With your knowledge of the endocrine system, identify the root cause of the medical condition. 1. A 15 year old boy who still displays all the physical characteristics of boys 4-5 years younger than him and has not begun to show any developmental changes indicating he is entering manhood. Hormone(s): Gland where produced: 2. Parents of a 5 year old girl are told by doctors that the reasons for the girl’s chronic illnesses are a weak immune system and low T-lymphocyte count. Hormone(s): Gland where produced: 3. A patient comes into the ER complaining of a dizzy feeling. Doctors notice the patient has extremely low blood-sugar levels. Further testing reveals that the patient has a hypersecretion of ___ which is causing the problem so they prescribe and administer doses of the hormone ___ to counteract the body’s hypersecretion. Hormone(s): Gland where produced: 4. A woman in her mid-20’s has been having trouble falling asleep. Tests reveal that she has low levels of the hormone ___. Hormone(s): Gland where produced: 5. A woman brings her child into the doctor to determine the cause of the child’s small stature and extremely slow growth rate. There is no hereditary history of dwarfism in the family. Hormone(s): Gland where produced: