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Whole Numbers Ms. Crusenberry 9-2013 Place Value What is the place value? Of the underlined number 1. 526 2. 4015 3. 6203 4. 51781 5. 62300 6. 16253000 7. 142310156 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Hundreds Tens Thousands One Ten thousands Hundred thousands Ten millions Rounding Whole Numbers Rule 1 – always use the number to the right of the place value you are rounding to Rule 2 – 5 or higher you go up; 4 or less stays the same Example – round to hundreds place 136 would be 100 482 would be 500 Practice Round to the nearest tens place a. 365 b. 41 Round to the nearest hundreds place a. 5420 b. 856 Round to the nearest thousands place a. 6581 b. 1465 Answers 370 40 5400 900 7000 1000 Adding Whole Numbers Addend – a number that is added to one or more numbers Addition – the arithmetic operation of combining numbers to find their sum Order – sequence from smallest to largest Sum – the answer to an addition problem Zero – the first whole number Single Digit Addition Example: 7 + 5 12 addend addend sum Practice 1. 4+6 2. 8+4 3. 9+0 4. 4+5 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 10 12 9 9 Adding Two Digit Numbers Start with the ones and add to your left. If the sum of two numbers is more than 9, then carry over the tens to the tens column. 1 Example: 35 64 + 3 + 7 38 71 Practice 1. 23 + 6 2. 54 + 8 3. 63 + 5 4. 35 + 7 5. 15 + 37 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 29 62 68 42 52 Adding Three Digit Numbers Start with the ones and add to your left. If the sum of two numbers is more than 9, then carry over the tens to the tens column.You may have to carry over to the hundreds place as well. 11 Example: 135 643 +343 +257 478 900 Adding More Than Two Numbers Line the problems up vertically Example: 23 + 693 + 85 23 693 + 85 801 Practice 1. 23 + 468 + 8 2. 98 + 29 + 435 3. 28 + 400 + 81 4. 300 + 20 + 6 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 499 562 509 326 Subtracting Whole Numbers Subtraction – the arithmetic operation of taking one number away from another to find the difference Difference – the answer to a subtraction problem Single Digit Subtraction Example 9 - 4 5 Practice 1. 8–3 2. 6–1 3. 9–6 4. 3-2 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 7 5 3 1 Subtraction with Renaming When you cannot subtract, you must rename (borrow) from the column to the left. 3 15 Example: 45 - 7 38 **borrow 10 from the tens column and add it to the ones column. Practice 1. 23 – 5 2. 34 – 6 3. 37 – 28 4. 80 - 52 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 18 28 9 28 Multiple Digit Subtraction You many need to rename (borrow) from several columns. See below. 3 15 11 17 4, 6 2 7 968 3, 6 5 9 Practice 1. 2,803 – 532 2. 5,036 – 987 3. 1,200 – 268 4. 223,618 – 9,233 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 2,271 4,049 932 214,385 Multiplying Whole Numbers Multiplication – the arithmetic operation of adding a number to itself many times Factors – numbers that are multiplied in a multiplication problem Product – the answer to a multiplication problem Example: 7 x 5 12 factor factor product Practice 1. 4x5 2. 5x6 3. 2x9 4. 3x7 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 20 30 18 21 Two Digit x One Digit Example 2 23 x 3 69 56 x 4 224 * *you may need to carry 6 x 4 = 24; carry the 2 and put above the tens place; 4 x 5 + 2 = 22 Practice 1. 34 x 6 2. 45 x 7 3. 58 x 3 4. 75 x 8 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 204 315 174 600 Multiplying Multiple Digit Numbers Example 1 26 x 30 00 780 * 780 1 1 251 x123 753 5020 25100 30893 *for each new line add a 0 Practice 1. 45 x 40 2. 86 x 10 3. 675 x 212 4. 677 x 100 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 1,800 860 143,100 67,700 Dividing Whole Numbers Dividend – a number that is dividend Division – the arithmetic operation that finds how many times a number is contained in another number Divisor – number by which you are dividing Quotient – answer to a division problem 48 ÷ 6 = 8 8 x 6 = 48 Practice – Division by one digit 1. 36 ÷ 4 2. 35 ÷ 7 3. 72 ÷ 9 4. 27 ÷ 3 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 9 5 8 7 Division by one digit into multiple digits Example Step 1 3 12 432 Step 2 3 12 432 -36 7 Step 3 3 12 432 -36 72 Step 4 36 12 432 -36 72 -72 0 Practice 1. 568 ÷ 8 2. 108 ÷ 9 3. 248 ÷ 2 4. 504 ÷ 8 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 71 12 124 63 Division with Remainders Example 46 r 2 7 324 - 28 44 - 42 2 Practice 1. 409 ÷ 8 2. 173 ÷ 4 3. 253 ÷ 9 4. 197 ÷ 5 Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 51 r 1 43 r 1 28 r 1 35 r 2 Reminder… The answer to a division problem may not always be a whole number.You will either have a remainder or you will have to write the remainder as a fraction. Example: Improper Fraction 3 1 ½ divisor 2= 2 3 -2 1remainder