Download Ecology - Part 2

Ecology – Part 2 – General Biology
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Food Chains
Food Webs
Ecological Pyramids
Ecological Cycles
Food Chain Video Clip
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=fv
wp&NR=1&v=cWh-XKhh8xo
Energy Flow Relationships
• Food chains
– transfer of energy in repeated stages
• Trophic Level
– Feeding level (producers, primary consumers, secondary
consumers, etc.) of the food chain
Click on this box to play the game!
Click on the box to learn more about food chains!
Food Chain
Food Web
•Food chains interconnected
•Note that the arrows go in the direction of energy
flow!!
Food Web
Food Web
Buzzard Gulch Activity
• When I say trophic level, what are some
words that should come to mind?
• Which trophic level should always be on the
bottom of ANY ecological pyramid?
Ecology Smart Board Activity
• Pages 1,2, 3, and 4
Energy in Ecosystems video clip
• http://www.sascurriculumpathways.com/P
roductEntrance/Launch/launch.jsp?unit=1
278
• Quick launch 1278
• The username is hickoryridge (no spaces)
• You do not have to enter a password.
Ecological Pyramids –graphic
representations
• Pyramid of Energy
– shows how energy flows from producers to carnivores
• The energy that is obtained is only 10% of the previous
level’s energy.
Energy Pyramid - 10% Rule
Scientists
estimate
That only 1 % of
the sun’s energy
is used in
photosynthesis!!
Figure 54.14 Food energy available to the human population at different trophic
levels
Another Food Chain Video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TE6wq
G4nb3M
PBL Task #2
• Construct a Food Chain AND a Food Web that has your chosen
organism. Please make sure you label the different trophic levels of the
Food Chain AND Food Web.
• Please also include a FOOD WEB web in your computer document.
High-light the Food Chain in the Food Web!
• Take notes on Cycles of Materials if you haven’t already
• Start over at the beginning of the Ecology – Part 2 powerpoint and
make sure you have gone over everything in your group….. REVIEW
these topics!!!
• Have you answered the Schoology practice questions from the 1st
powerpoint – you MAY want to do that!
• Answer the Schoology practice questions for Ecology Part 2 – Energy
Flow Relationships
• Please begin the Ecology – Part 3 notes on Carrying Capacity
What’s the Deal with Carbon Video
Cycles of Materials
• Which are the most abundant elements
found in organisms?
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Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
What’s the Deal with Carbon
Video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Jp1D1
dzxj8
Carbon Cycle
•Driven by cellular respiration, photosynthesis,
Decomposition and combustion
Open
burning
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Atmospheric
CO2
Respiration Fuel Combustion
Fuel
Combustion
Photosynthesis
Dissolved CO2
Respiration
Death
and decay
Death and decay
Fossil fuels
Carbon Cycle Game
Nitrogen Cycle
• Plants and animals can’t use atmospheric
nitrogen – it has to be converted!
• Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria drive the nitrogen
cycle
– Nitrogen  nitrates
• They live in the root
nodules of legumes
(bean plants)
Carbon Cycle Graphic Organizer
• Let’s do this together!
• Did you also do the Carbon Cycle Questions
on the same page?
Please do the Nitrogen and
Carbon Cycle Worksheet!
• Get from Mrs. Cruce if you have not
received one yet!
Carbon Cycle Worksheet
• 1. What is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide
into energy-rich carbon compounds?
• 2. Explain what can happen over millions of years to the
carbon compounds in organisms that die and decompose.
• 3. What processes in the transparency release carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere?
• 4. Identify the two major reservoirs of carbon dioxide on Earth.
• 5. What are the forms in which carbon is found in the oceans?
• 6. How do plants and animals help to maintain a balance of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
• 7. Atmospheric carbon dioxide produces a so-called
“greenhouse effect” by trapping heat near Earth’s surface.
What human activities might tend to increase the greenhouse
effect?
Nitrogen Cycle Worksheet
• 1. What percent of the air consists of nitrogen gas?
• 2. Bacteria in root nodules change nitrogen gas into what
form?
• 3. What is the role of decomposers in the nitrogen cycle?
• 4. How do plants obtain the nitrogen they need?
• 5. How do herbivores obtain the nitrogen they need?
• 6. How do other animals obtain the nitrogen they need?
• 7. According to the transparency, how is nitrogen
returned to the atmosphere?
• 8. What would be the impact on the nitrogen cycle if
there were a decrease in decomposition in a given
ecosystem?
Voc Review – Please work with your neighbor!
Enrichment
• If you need more to do, please see the
next slides.
Foldable
• We are going to construct a foldable
showing a food chain, energy pyramid, and
trophic levels!!
• Please grab a sheet of scrap paper.
• Fold a sheet of paper in half diagonally. Cut
the excess off. Fold it into a triangle and
then unfold. Cut 1 of the lines of the
triangle. (Just to the center)
Construct your foldable like this:
• 3 sides to the Pyramid
– Each side should have 4 trophic levels in the correct
order: draw lines to show 4 levels and then do this for
each side:
• 1 side: Energy pyramid
– Show energy relationships from most energy to least
energy (numbers should be used)
• 1 side: Trophic levels
– Include these words: primary consumer, autotroph, secondary
consumer, heterotroph, producer, carnivore, herbivore, 3rd level
consumer
• 1 side: Food chain
– Please draw and label what your organisms are! Show
at least 4 trophic levels!