Download Test 2 - Kellogg Community College

Siena Heights University
at Kellogg Community College
Social Psychology: PSY 340
Test 2
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.(2 pts each)
1.
The ways in which people are affected by the real or imagined presence of others is called
a. social influence.
b. psychological reactance.
c. pluralistic ignorance.
d. the autokinetic effect.
2.
As Anna was approached by the Siena Heights alumni fund raising program they asked her to contribute
20% of her annual income. She immediately refused, at which point they dropped their request to just
$20. This is an example of
a. low-balling.
b. the foot-in-the-door technique.
c. the door-in-the-face technique.
d. the that’s-not-all technique.
3.
Many participants in the social influence study conducted by ______ gave what they believed to be
electric shocks to another individual.
a. Sherif
b. Asch
c. Milgram
d. Zimbardo
4.
In comparison to obedience and compliance, conformity
a. involves less direct pressure from others.
b. occurs only in response to the behavior of a group of others.
c. requires the physical presence of at least one other person.
d. is more likely to produce destructive behaviors.
5.
The tendency for individuals in groups to exert less effort individually than together is called
a. group polarization.
b. social loafing.
c. a social dilemma.
d. social facilitation.
6.
As compared to conformity, compliance occurs
a. only after careful deliberation.
b. in response to a direct request.
c. publicly, but not privately.
d. as a result of less direct pressure from others.
7.
The term self-concept refers to
a. the sum total of a person’s beliefs concerning his or her own personal characteristics ( who
am I?).
b. the evaluation of one’s own abilities and attitudes through comparison to similar others.
c. whether a person’s self-evaluation is positive or negative.
d. the general disposition to focus on either the inner feelings or outer image of the self.
8.
Jennifer believes that she should help Marcus because he helped her. We might explain her action with
the
a. social impact theory.
b. norm of reciprocity.
c. dual-process approach.
d. golden rule.
9.
A leader who focuses on his or her group’s morale is playing a(n)
a. facilitator role.
b. instrumental role.
c. normative role.
d. expressive role.
10.
According to your text and the lecture, up to ________ people seem to increase conformity. After that, the
levels of conformity do not seem to change much.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 20
d. 50
11.
Rita has a strong desire to establish and maintain social contact with others. Rita has
a. a low need to belong.
b. severe social anxiety.
c. a high need for affiliation.
d. a broken social thermostat.
12.
Which of the following is not discrimination?
a. Believing that baby-faced men are harmless
b. Giving a pink toy to a girl and a blue toy to a boy
c. Signing a petition to keep a minority group out of the neighborhood
d. Hiring a thin candidate rather than an obese one with the same credentials
13.
A feeling of deprivation about existing social relations is called
a. loneliness.
b. rejection.
c. jealously.
d. empty love.
14.
According to the relevant research, who of the following is likely to be the loneliest?
a. José, who is an adolescent
b. Hector, who is 40 years old and has never been married
c. Selena, who is 60 years old and is married
d. Marble, who is 60 years old and has never been married
15.
An evolutionary perspective on attraction suggests that people prefer mates who will
a. provide a boost to their social reputation and status.
b. favor the conception and birth of their offspring.
c. make them laugh.
d. are close in proximity to them.
16.
According to your textbook, the single best predictor of whether two people will get together is
a. complementarity.
b. matching levels of physical attractiveness.
c. physical proximity.
d. similarity.
17.
Actions intended to benefit others are called
a. prosocial behaviors.
b. Apathetic.
c. egoistic.
d. aggressive.
18.
Abigail ran back into the burning house to rescue her sister, Sophia, but when she found out that her
neighbor, Mitchell, was also in the house, she just waited for the firemen to arrive. According to the study
by Fitzgerald and others (2010), which of the following best explains Abigail’s actions?
a. In high-risk scenarios, we are motivated to help anyone.
b. In low-risk scenarios, we are willing to help friends and relatives
c. In all scenarios, we are unlikely to help someone not genetically related to us.
d. In high-risk scenarios, we are more willing to help only our closest relatives.
19.
Online file-sharing websites depend on the idea of
a. reciprocal altruism.
b. kin selection.
c. audience inhibition.
d. the arousal: cost-reward model.
20.
Which of the following best illustrates aggression?
a. Felix and Oscar engage in a heated debate concerning the merits of the Big Mac versus the
Whopper.
b. Maude trips over the scooter her son absentmindedly left in the driveway.
c. In his attempt to save Samantha from drowning, Darin breaks three of her ribs.
d. Ginger kicks MaryAnn in the shins to keep her from eating the last coconut pie.
21.
The difference between aggression and violence is best described as one of
a. extremity.
b. intent.
c. affect.
d. hostility.
22. Aggressive behavior whereby harm is inflicted as a means to a desired end is known as
a. proactive aggression.
b. reactive aggression.
c. emotional aggression.
d. relational aggression.
23. One form of violence described by your text and discussed in class that seems to be fairly consistent
across cultures is
a. violence against young girls.
b. gun violence.
c. domestic violence.
d. bullying.
24. The strong positive correlation between testosterone levels and aggressive behavior could reflect all of the
following except
a. testosterone and aggression are unrelated.
b. testosterone increases aggression.
c. aggression increases testosterone.
d. stress may increase both aggression and testosterone.
25. Research indicates that men tend to display more ______ whereas women exhibit more _____.
a. physical aggression; relational aggression
b. instrumental aggression; emotional aggression
c. verbal aggression; physical aggression
d. None of these
Identify with a T or F, whether each of the following statements are True or False (2 pts each).
26.
Disclosure of information is a key element in negotiation.
27.
Seeing yourself as being better than others in your group is an example of taking on a superordinate
identity.
28.
The Prisoner’s Dilemma describes how a prisoner must adapt to prison life in order to become part of the
larger group.
29.
Sheriff’s study was criticized by people like Asch because the actual answer to his question was
ambiguous.
30.
The United States has the highest per capita rate of murder in the world.
31.
Catharsis appears to be an effective way of reducing aggressive tendencies.
32.
Helping others in order to make ourselves feel better is not always a conscious decision.
33
Denns displayed altruistic helping when he assisted Sherrie to get her broken down car moved to the side
of the road so that he could get through the intersection and continue on his way.
34.
Research supports the fact that “familiarity breeds contempt”.
35.
After being told that a car he was watching ran a yield sign (instead of the stop sign that was actually in
place), Jim remembers it as a yield sign. This is an example of the misinformation effect.
Short Answer (6 pts each)
36.
Compare and contrast the differences and similarities between emotional and instrumental aggression
(including a definition of each). Give an example of each as well
37.
List and describe the 5 steps of helping as described in the text and in class. Do you agree? Why or why
not?
38.
Define both the matching hypothesis and the equity theory. Which one do you believe to be most accurate
regarding attraction and on what do you base this belief? Give an example of a time when you have experienced
or seen either of these take place.
39.
Describe the GRIT model and give an example of how it might be used.
40.
Explain the foot – in – the – door phenomenon and describe how you might use it to sell your car.
Extra Credit (2 pts)
Summer classes can be a challenge for students and professors. Identify one thing that you enjoyed about the
class and one thing that you would change. It was a pleasure having you in class. Enjoy what is left of the
summer.
Name:
Answer Sheet
Test 2
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