Download 25 Middle East

Middle East
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Islamic Customs
5 Pillars of Islam
Compare Religions
Objectives
I can…
• Identify the events of a pilgrimage
• Describe different Islamic traditions
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5
Pillar: Pilgrimage to Mecca
• Hajj = Pilgrimage  must complete at least once 
all pilgrims are equal during the hajj
On a pilgrimage
• Upon entering Mecca
 state of IHRAM (purity)
 change to simple clothes = state of
holiness and equality
 also buried in ihram dress
1. Archway
 Wash hands and feet five times
a day
 water comes from the ZamZam
On a pilgrimage
2. Place of Abraham
 Flat stone where
Abraham prayed
3. Ka’ba
 cube building = center
point of Islam
Inside are torches, log
benches, and a ladder
to the roof
No pictures or altars
On a pilgrimage
4. Tawaf
 begun at Ka’ba
 Circle the Ka’ba 7 times
5. The Holy Black Stone
 meteorite that God sent to
Abraham as a sign
Kiss, touch, or wave at stone
The Story of Abraham
Abraham was married to Sarah and
they had a son named Isaac.
Braham also had another son with
his slave Haagar. Their son was
named Ishmael. Abraham went into
the desert with Haagar and Ishmael.
Abraham returned to the city and
left Haagar and Ishmael in the
desert. Ishmael was dying of thirst
so Haagar was running between to
mountains praying for water. At her
feet, water appears through the
sand. It is known as the ZamZam. To
thank God for the water, Abraham
built the Ka’ba.
On a pilgrimage
5. Day 2: Rite of Sa’y =
Haagar’s search for water
Walk the length of the
corridor 7 times.
Jog between the green
pillars.
Carried inside.
6. Mountain of Mercy
 Stand for 3 hours =
Reenactment of
Mohammad’s farewell
speech.
On a pilgrimage
7. Throw 7 pebbles at 3
Pillars  Reenactment of
Ishmael driving the devil
away.
8. Field of sacrifice (goat)
 Reenactment of
Abraham sacrificing a
lamb
9. Trip to Medina  visit
the plain grave of
Mohammad for 3 days.
Objectives
I can…
• Identify the events of a pilgrimage
• Describe different Islamic traditions
Objectives
I can…
• Identify the core beliefs and practices of Islam
• Describe different Islamic cultural traditions
Beliefs and Culture of Islam
What are some Islamic words/concepts that you already know?
Basics of Islam
A. Monotheistic religion in Judeo-Christian tradition
1. Believes in Bible but says Jesus was another
prophet
2. Main Muslim text is the Qur’an (Koran);believe
that Muhammad is the last prophet
B. Very personal religion, little formal ritual, no true
priests; worship in mosques
serving as religious and
educational center
C. Five Pillars of Islam
1. Profession of Faith – “There is no god but Allah and
Muhammad is his messenger.”
2. Pray 5 times of day facing Mecca
3. Give alms to the poor
4. Fast from dawn to dusk during Ramadan
5. Make a pilgrimage to Mecca
once during your lifetime
Other cultural traditions
There are other rules that also
must be followed by Muslims.
No alcohol.
 No pork.
No gambling.
Purdah = secluding women from
public
Modest clothing = how do you
define modest?
Cover body (except hands/eyes)
Loose, thick material (hide body
shape)
Feminine dress, nothing masculine
Cultural traditions – female dress
Islam
D. Issues over the
caliph Those loyal to
Ali’s descendants
become the Shi’a
(Shi’a=party); followers of
the Umayyad family
become Sunni
(Sunna=religious way)
1. Shi’a – more radical and
orthodox, primarily in
Iran and Iraq, only 10% of
Muslims worldwide
2. Sunnis – more
contemporary and
Western, in Saudi Arabia,
most other Muslim
countries
Sunni
Who will be the next caliph?
632
Shi’a
Objectives
I can…
• Identify the core beliefs and practices of Islam
• Describe different Islamic cultural traditions