Download Unit 1 Topic Guide Topic Key Content Key Words Healthy diet

Unit 1 Topic Guide
Topic
Healthy diet


Metabolic
rate
Pathogens
Growing
bacteria
White blood
cells
Vaccines
Semmelweis
Antibiotics
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Key Content
What do we need from our
diets?
What happens if we consume
too much or too little energy?
What is metabolic rate?
What factors can affect
metabolic rate?
What is a pathogen?
How do different pathogens
make us ill?
Key Words
Nutrients, energy,
gain/lose mass,
obesity
Chemical reactions,
inherited, muscle:fat
ration, age, sex

Disease,

microorganism,
bacteria, virus,
fungus, toxin,
damage cells
 How can we safely grow bacteria Heat, sterile, petri
in a lab?
dish, seal, 25oC,
 Why do we grow bacteria in a
lab?
 What three methods can be
Antitoxins, antibodies,
used by WBCs to destroy
engulf and digest,
pathogens?
shape, rapid, large
 Why does it take a long time to
quantities
produce the correct antibody to
kill a pathogen?
 What is a memory cell?
 What does a vaccine contain?
Dead, weaken
 How do vaccines make us
pathogens,
immune to a disease?
antibodies, white
 What does the MMR vaccine
blood cells, memory
protect against?
cells
 What is the controversy
surrounding the MMR vaccine?
 How did Semmelweis make
Transfer of bacteria,
giving birth in hospitals safer?
washing
 How is this knowledge used
today?
This is usually a data question –
make sure you can describe and
explain data and graphs!
 What do antibiotics and
Inside cells, kill
painkillers do?
bacteria, natural
 Why don’t antibiotics kill
selection, mutation,
viruses?
survive, competition,
 What is antibiotic resistance?
reproduce, pass on
Nervous
system
Reflexes
Hormones
Menstrual
cycle
Controlling
fertility
Plant
hormones
Drugs
 How does antibiotic resistance
develop?
 What does the nervous system
do?
 What is a conscious response?
 What type of cells make up the
nervous system?
 What is the CNS?
 What different types of
receptors do we have and where
do we find them?
 What is a reflex?
 Why do we have reflex?
 What pathway does an impulse
follow in a reflex?
 What is a hormone?
 How are they carried around the
body?
 What are the differences
between the hormonal system
and nervous system?
 What is the menstrual cycle?
 What happens in the menstrual
cycle?
 What hormones control the
menstrual cycle?
 Where are these hormones
produced?
 How can we use hormones to
control fertility?
 What is IVF?
 What is a growth response in a
plant called?
 What group of hormones
controls this?
 How do these hormones make
the plant grow in a certain
direction?
 What is a drug?
 How can drugs be categorised?
 What does addicted mean?
 Why are some drugs illegal?
 Why are some drugs prescribed?
gene
Detect, respond,
stimuli, brain, spinal
cord, chemical, light,
temperature,
pressure, pain,
sound, eyes, ears,
tongue, skin, nose
Unconscious,
automatic, protective,
receptor, sensory,
relay, motor, effector
Chemical messenger,
blood, duration,
speed
Fertility, mature egg,
shed lining, thicken
lining, fertilise,
ovulation, FSH, LH,
oestrogen, pituitary,
ovary, inhibit
Contraception,
fertility, harvest eggs,
sperm, implant,
fertilise, embryo
Tropism, auxin,
shoot, root, stimulate,
reduce, growth,
shaded, lower
Substance alters
chemical reactions in
the body, legal/illegal,
classes, withdrawal
symptoms, severe
Testing
drugs
Competition
and
adaptation
Abiotic
factors and
species
distribution
Energy and
food chains
Biomass
Decay
 Why do drugs need to be
tested?
 What is a placebo?
 What is a double blind trial?
 What is thalidomide?
 What happened due to
thalidomide not being tested
properly?
 What are statins used for?
 What do plants compete for?
 What do animals compete for?
 What is an adaptation?
 How can animals adapt to the
cold?
 How can animals adapt to high
temperatures?
 How can plants adapt to dry
conditions?
 What is an extremophile?
 What is an abiotic factor?
 What controls where an animal
can live?
 What can happen to an animal if
its habitat changes?
 What is an indicator species?
 What does a food chain show?
 What is a producer?
 How do producers obtain
energy?
 What is a consumer?
 What do the arrows in a food
chain show?
 What is a food web?
 What is biomass?
 What does a pyramid of biomass
show?
 What are they always wider at
the bottom?
 How is energy lost from a food
chain?
 What does decay mean?
 What types of organism carry
out decay?
Efficacy, dosage, side
effects, interactions
with other drugs,
exact copy without
the active ingredient,
sleeping tablet,
morning sickness,
limb development,
cholesterol
Non-living, temp,
water availability,
light intensity, soil
type, extinct, change
habitats, adapt,
pollution level
Energy movement
through an
ecosystem, doesn’t
get energy from
eating,
photosynthesis,
feeding, energy
Mass of living
material, trophic
level, energy loss,
movement,
respiration,
maintaining
temperature,
excretion, not all
eaten
Dead, waste, break
down, nutrients,
bacteria, fungi,
Carbon cycle
Genetics –
the basics
 What conditions are required for
decay to happen?
 How can decay be prevented?
 Why is decay important?
 What is the carbon cycle?
 Which processes remove carbon
dioxide from the air?
 Which processes return carbon
dioxide to the air?
 How does carbon move from ne
living organism to another?
 Why are fossil fuels formed?
 How is the carbon released from
fossil fuels?
 What is a nucleus?
 What is a chromosome?
 What is a gene?
 What is a gamete?
 What is a mutation?
Variation
 What is variation?
 What control variation?
Sexual and
asexual
reproduction
 What is sexual reproduction?
 Why does sexual reproduction
produce varied offspring?
 What is asexual reproduction?
 Why are the offspring produced
by asexual reproduction called
clones?
 What is taking a cutting?
 How is tissue culture carried
out?
Cloning
plants
Cloning
animals
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Genetic
engineering
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How can embryos be cloned?
What is a surrogate?
What is adult cell cloning?
What are the advantages and
disadvantages of cloning?
What is genetic modification?
How is it carried out?
Why is it carried out?
What species have been made
by genetic engineering?
warmth, oxygen,
water, freeze, dry,
sugar, salt, recycle
nutrients
Recycling carbon,
respiration,
photosynthesis,
feeding, burning,
decay
Where genetic
material is stored,
string of genes,
control a
characteristic, sex
cell, change
Differences between
organisms, genes,
environment, both
Two parents,
gametes, fertilisation,
random, different
gametes,
chromosomes, one
parent, genetically
identical
Small pieces, soil,
differentiation, ball of
cells, petri dish, soil,
aseptic
Embryo split ball of
cells, implant,
genetically identical,
nucleus, egg cell,
body cell, shock
Gene, enzyme, DNA,
characteristics, insect
resistant, disease
resistant, safety,
yield, vitamins,
 What are the advantages and
disadvantages of genetic
engineering?
Evolution
 What is evolution?
 What is natural selection?
 How does natural selection
happen?
 How was Lamarck’s theory
different from Darwin’s?
 Why was Darwin’s theory slow
to be accepted?
Classification  What is classification?
 How are organisms classified?
 How can you tell how closely
related to organisms are by
looking at an evolutionary tree?

Change over time,
variation, mutation,
survive ,reproduce,
pass on genes, genes
become more
common, changes
during life, evidence,
church, inheritance
Grouping, similar,
branches, close
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